New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications
The extinct neuropteran families Cratosmylidae and Babinskaiidae hitherto only known from the Cretaceous represent the transitional lineage between Nymphidae and advanced myrmeleontoids (e.g., Nemopteridae and Myrmeleontidae) in the superfamily Myrmeleontoidea. Here, we describe two new species, whi...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/5/429 |
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| author | Xiumei Lu Chunpeng Xu Xingyue Liu |
| author_facet | Xiumei Lu Chunpeng Xu Xingyue Liu |
| author_sort | Xiumei Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The extinct neuropteran families Cratosmylidae and Babinskaiidae hitherto only known from the Cretaceous represent the transitional lineage between Nymphidae and advanced myrmeleontoids (e.g., Nemopteridae and Myrmeleontidae) in the superfamily Myrmeleontoidea. Here, we describe two new species, which respectively belong to Cratosmylidae and Babinskaiidae, namely, <i>Araripenymphes burmanus</i> sp. nov. and <i>Paradoxoleon chenruii</i> gen. et sp. nov., from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of Myanmar. Cratosmylidae, which was previously only recorded from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil (Crato Formation), is first reported from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of Myanmar, and the co-occurrence of <i>Araripenymphes</i> Menon, Martins-Neto and Martill, 2005 across South America and Asia further documents the Gondwanan origin of the northern Myanmar amber lacewing paleofauna. The first finding of a deeply bifurcated forewing MP with two free branches in Babinskaiidae (viz., <i>Paradoxoleon chenruii</i> gen. et sp. nov.) highlights the morphological diversity of this extinct family. The phylogenetic positions of <i>Araripenymphes burmanus</i> sp. nov. and <i>Paradoxoleon chenruii</i> gen. et sp. nov. were recovered on the basis of a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis, and the monophyly of Cratosmylidae + Babinskaiidae was corroborated. Given the paraphyly of Cratosmylidae, its familial status is discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:41:30Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:41:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-6dc1c5851efa4478b500e83323e94ecc2023-11-23T11:31:29ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-05-0113542910.3390/insects13050429New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic ImplicationsXiumei Lu0Chunpeng Xu1Xingyue Liu2Institute of Ecological and Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaThe extinct neuropteran families Cratosmylidae and Babinskaiidae hitherto only known from the Cretaceous represent the transitional lineage between Nymphidae and advanced myrmeleontoids (e.g., Nemopteridae and Myrmeleontidae) in the superfamily Myrmeleontoidea. Here, we describe two new species, which respectively belong to Cratosmylidae and Babinskaiidae, namely, <i>Araripenymphes burmanus</i> sp. nov. and <i>Paradoxoleon chenruii</i> gen. et sp. nov., from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of Myanmar. Cratosmylidae, which was previously only recorded from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil (Crato Formation), is first reported from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of Myanmar, and the co-occurrence of <i>Araripenymphes</i> Menon, Martins-Neto and Martill, 2005 across South America and Asia further documents the Gondwanan origin of the northern Myanmar amber lacewing paleofauna. The first finding of a deeply bifurcated forewing MP with two free branches in Babinskaiidae (viz., <i>Paradoxoleon chenruii</i> gen. et sp. nov.) highlights the morphological diversity of this extinct family. The phylogenetic positions of <i>Araripenymphes burmanus</i> sp. nov. and <i>Paradoxoleon chenruii</i> gen. et sp. nov. were recovered on the basis of a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis, and the monophyly of Cratosmylidae + Babinskaiidae was corroborated. Given the paraphyly of Cratosmylidae, its familial status is discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/5/429CratosmylidaeBabinskaiidaenew taxaphylogenyCretaceousKachin amber |
| spellingShingle | Xiumei Lu Chunpeng Xu Xingyue Liu New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications Insects Cratosmylidae Babinskaiidae new taxa phylogeny Cretaceous Kachin amber |
| title | New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_full | New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_fullStr | New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_short | New Cretaceous Lacewings in a Transitional Lineage of Myrmeleontoidea and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_sort | new cretaceous lacewings in a transitional lineage of myrmeleontoidea and their phylogenetic implications |
| topic | Cratosmylidae Babinskaiidae new taxa phylogeny Cretaceous Kachin amber |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/5/429 |
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