Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing p...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1445 |
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| author | Taisa Nogueira Pansani Thanh Huyen Phan Qingyu Lei Alexey Kondyurin Bill Kalionis Wojciech Chrzanowski |
| author_facet | Taisa Nogueira Pansani Thanh Huyen Phan Qingyu Lei Alexey Kondyurin Bill Kalionis Wojciech Chrzanowski |
| author_sort | Taisa Nogueira Pansani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing possibility that immobilizing EVs on implant surfaces could potentially generate highly bioactive and cell-instructive surfaces that would enhance implant integration into the body. Such surfaces could address a critical limitation of current implants, which do not promote bone tissue formation or bond bone. Here, we developed bioactive titanium surface coatings (SurfEV) using two types of EVs: secreted by decidual mesenchymal stem cells (DEVs) and isolated from fermented papaya fluid (PEVs). For each EV type, we determined the size, morphology, and molecular composition. High concentrations of DEVs enhanced cell proliferation, wound closure, and migration distance of osteoblasts. In contrast, the cell proliferation and wound closure decreased with increasing concentration of PEVs. DEVs enhanced Ca/P deposition on the titanium surface, which suggests improvement in bone bonding ability of the implant (i.e., osteointegration). EVs also increased production of Ca and P by osteoblasts and promoted the deposition of mineral phase, which suggests EVs play key roles in cell mineralization. We also found that DEVs stimulated the secretion of secondary EVs observed by the presence of protruding structures on the cell membrane. We concluded that, by functionalizing implant surfaces with specialized EVs, we will be able to enhance implant osteointegration by improving hydroxyapatite formation directly at the surface and potentially circumvent aseptic loosening of implants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:53:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6dc6e5403ffb4772ac0079d4cb8e26f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:53:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6dc6e5403ffb4772ac0079d4cb8e26f82023-11-21T22:03:03ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-05-01116144510.3390/nano11061445Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEVTaisa Nogueira Pansani0Thanh Huyen Phan1Qingyu Lei2Alexey Kondyurin3Bill Kalionis4Wojciech Chrzanowski5Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, BrazilFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Pharmacy, Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, AustraliaFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Pharmacy, Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, AustraliaSydney School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, AustraliaDepartment of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, AustraliaFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Pharmacy, Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, AustraliaExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing possibility that immobilizing EVs on implant surfaces could potentially generate highly bioactive and cell-instructive surfaces that would enhance implant integration into the body. Such surfaces could address a critical limitation of current implants, which do not promote bone tissue formation or bond bone. Here, we developed bioactive titanium surface coatings (SurfEV) using two types of EVs: secreted by decidual mesenchymal stem cells (DEVs) and isolated from fermented papaya fluid (PEVs). For each EV type, we determined the size, morphology, and molecular composition. High concentrations of DEVs enhanced cell proliferation, wound closure, and migration distance of osteoblasts. In contrast, the cell proliferation and wound closure decreased with increasing concentration of PEVs. DEVs enhanced Ca/P deposition on the titanium surface, which suggests improvement in bone bonding ability of the implant (i.e., osteointegration). EVs also increased production of Ca and P by osteoblasts and promoted the deposition of mineral phase, which suggests EVs play key roles in cell mineralization. We also found that DEVs stimulated the secretion of secondary EVs observed by the presence of protruding structures on the cell membrane. We concluded that, by functionalizing implant surfaces with specialized EVs, we will be able to enhance implant osteointegration by improving hydroxyapatite formation directly at the surface and potentially circumvent aseptic loosening of implants.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1445extracellular vesicletitaniumimplantsosteointegrationbioactivityosteoblasts |
| spellingShingle | Taisa Nogueira Pansani Thanh Huyen Phan Qingyu Lei Alexey Kondyurin Bill Kalionis Wojciech Chrzanowski Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV Nanomaterials extracellular vesicle titanium implants osteointegration bioactivity osteoblasts |
| title | Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicle based coatings enhance bioactivity of titanium implants surfev |
| topic | extracellular vesicle titanium implants osteointegration bioactivity osteoblasts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1445 |
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