A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement
Abstract The manufacture and production of industrial chemicals continues to increase, with hundreds of thousands of chemicals and chemical mixtures used worldwide, leading to widespread population exposures and resultant health impacts. Low-wealth communities and communities of color often bear dis...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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Series: | Environmental Health |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00930-3 |
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author | Tracey J. Woodruff Swati D. G. Rayasam Daniel A. Axelrad Patricia D. Koman Nicholas Chartres Deborah H. Bennett Linda S. Birnbaum Phil Brown Courtney C. Carignan Courtney Cooper Carl F. Cranor Miriam L. Diamond Shari Franjevic Eve C. Gartner Dale Hattis Russ Hauser Wendy Heiger-Bernays Rashmi Joglekar Juleen Lam Jonathan I. Levy Patrick M. MacRoy Maricel V. Maffini Emily C. Marquez Rachel Morello-Frosch Keeve E. Nachman Greylin H. Nielsen Catherine Oksas Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson Heather B. Patisaul Sharyle Patton Joshua F. Robinson Kathryn M. Rodgers Mark S. Rossi Ruthann A. Rudel Jennifer B. Sass Sheela Sathyanarayana Ted Schettler Rachel M. Shaffer Bhavna Shamasunder Peggy M. Shepard Kristin Shrader-Frechette Gina M. Solomon Wilma A. Subra Laura N. Vandenberg Julia R. Varshavsky Roberta F. White Ken Zarker Lauren Zeise |
author_facet | Tracey J. Woodruff Swati D. G. Rayasam Daniel A. Axelrad Patricia D. Koman Nicholas Chartres Deborah H. Bennett Linda S. Birnbaum Phil Brown Courtney C. Carignan Courtney Cooper Carl F. Cranor Miriam L. Diamond Shari Franjevic Eve C. Gartner Dale Hattis Russ Hauser Wendy Heiger-Bernays Rashmi Joglekar Juleen Lam Jonathan I. Levy Patrick M. MacRoy Maricel V. Maffini Emily C. Marquez Rachel Morello-Frosch Keeve E. Nachman Greylin H. Nielsen Catherine Oksas Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson Heather B. Patisaul Sharyle Patton Joshua F. Robinson Kathryn M. Rodgers Mark S. Rossi Ruthann A. Rudel Jennifer B. Sass Sheela Sathyanarayana Ted Schettler Rachel M. Shaffer Bhavna Shamasunder Peggy M. Shepard Kristin Shrader-Frechette Gina M. Solomon Wilma A. Subra Laura N. Vandenberg Julia R. Varshavsky Roberta F. White Ken Zarker Lauren Zeise |
author_sort | Tracey J. Woodruff |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract The manufacture and production of industrial chemicals continues to increase, with hundreds of thousands of chemicals and chemical mixtures used worldwide, leading to widespread population exposures and resultant health impacts. Low-wealth communities and communities of color often bear disproportionate burdens of exposure and impact; all compounded by regulatory delays to the detriment of public health. Multiple authoritative bodies and scientific consensus groups have called for actions to prevent harmful exposures via improved policy approaches. We worked across multiple disciplines to develop consensus recommendations for health-protective, scientific approaches to reduce harmful chemical exposures, which can be applied to current US policies governing industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants. This consensus identifies five principles and scientific recommendations for improving how agencies like the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approach and conduct hazard and risk assessment and risk management analyses: (1) the financial burden of data generation for any given chemical on (or to be introduced to) the market should be on the chemical producers that benefit from their production and use; (2) lack of data does not equate to lack of hazard, exposure, or risk; (3) populations at greater risk, including those that are more susceptible or more highly exposed, must be better identified and protected to account for their real-world risks; (4) hazard and risk assessments should not assume existence of a “safe” or “no-risk” level of chemical exposure in the diverse general population; and (5) hazard and risk assessments must evaluate and account for financial conflicts of interest in the body of evidence. While many of these recommendations focus specifically on the EPA, they are general principles for environmental health that could be adopted by any agency or entity engaged in exposure, hazard, and risk assessment. We also detail recommendations for four priority areas in companion papers (exposure assessment methods, human variability assessment, methods for quantifying non-cancer health outcomes, and a framework for defining chemical classes). These recommendations constitute key steps for improved evidence-based environmental health decision-making and public health protection. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:46:01Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-6de85351e07f4c2fbcdfa31eed36510a |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1476-069X |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:46:01Z |
publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
publisher | BMC |
record_format | Article |
series | Environmental Health |
spelling | doaj.art-6de85351e07f4c2fbcdfa31eed36510a2023-01-15T12:20:44ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2023-01-0121S111610.1186/s12940-022-00930-3A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statementTracey J. Woodruff0Swati D. G. Rayasam1Daniel A. Axelrad2Patricia D. Koman3Nicholas Chartres4Deborah H. Bennett5Linda S. Birnbaum6Phil Brown7Courtney C. Carignan8Courtney Cooper9Carl F. Cranor10Miriam L. Diamond11Shari Franjevic12Eve C. Gartner13Dale Hattis14Russ Hauser15Wendy Heiger-Bernays16Rashmi Joglekar17Juleen Lam18Jonathan I. Levy19Patrick M. MacRoy20Maricel V. Maffini21Emily C. Marquez22Rachel Morello-Frosch23Keeve E. Nachman24Greylin H. Nielsen25Catherine Oksas26Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson27Heather B. Patisaul28Sharyle PattonJoshua F. Robinson29Kathryn M. Rodgers30Mark S. Rossi31Ruthann A. Rudel32Jennifer B. Sass33Sheela Sathyanarayana34Ted Schettler35Rachel M. Shaffer36Bhavna Shamasunder37Peggy M. Shepard38Kristin Shrader-Frechette39Gina M. Solomon40Wilma A. Subra41Laura N. Vandenberg42Julia R. Varshavsky43Roberta F. White44Ken Zarker45Lauren Zeise46Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoProgram On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoIndependent ConsultantDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of MichiganProgram On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of California, DavisNational Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences and National Toxicology ProgramSocial Science Environmental Health Research Institute, Northeastern UniversityDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State UniversityProgram On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Philosophy, University of California, RiversideDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of TorontoClean Production ActionEarthjusticeThe George Perkins Marsh Institute, Clark UniversityDepartment of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard UniversityDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston UniversityEarthjusticeDepartment of Public Health, California State University, East BayDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston UniversityDefend Our HealthIndependent ConsultantPesticide Action NetworkSchool of Public Health, University of CaliforniaDepartment of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins UniversityDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston UniversitySchool of Medicine, University of CaliforniaProgram On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoDepartment of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State UniversityProgram On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoSilent Spring InstituteClean Production ActionSilent Spring InstituteNatural Resources Defense CouncilDepartment of Pediatrics, University of WashingtonScience and Environmental Health NetworkDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public HealthDepartment of Urban & Environmental Policy and Public Health, Occidental CollegeWE ACT for Environmental JusticeDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Notre DameSchool of Medicine, University of CaliforniaLouisiana Environmental Action NetworkDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, AmherstDepartment of Health Sciences, Northeastern UniversityDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston UniversityWashington State Department of EcologyOffice of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection AgencyAbstract The manufacture and production of industrial chemicals continues to increase, with hundreds of thousands of chemicals and chemical mixtures used worldwide, leading to widespread population exposures and resultant health impacts. Low-wealth communities and communities of color often bear disproportionate burdens of exposure and impact; all compounded by regulatory delays to the detriment of public health. Multiple authoritative bodies and scientific consensus groups have called for actions to prevent harmful exposures via improved policy approaches. We worked across multiple disciplines to develop consensus recommendations for health-protective, scientific approaches to reduce harmful chemical exposures, which can be applied to current US policies governing industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants. This consensus identifies five principles and scientific recommendations for improving how agencies like the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approach and conduct hazard and risk assessment and risk management analyses: (1) the financial burden of data generation for any given chemical on (or to be introduced to) the market should be on the chemical producers that benefit from their production and use; (2) lack of data does not equate to lack of hazard, exposure, or risk; (3) populations at greater risk, including those that are more susceptible or more highly exposed, must be better identified and protected to account for their real-world risks; (4) hazard and risk assessments should not assume existence of a “safe” or “no-risk” level of chemical exposure in the diverse general population; and (5) hazard and risk assessments must evaluate and account for financial conflicts of interest in the body of evidence. While many of these recommendations focus specifically on the EPA, they are general principles for environmental health that could be adopted by any agency or entity engaged in exposure, hazard, and risk assessment. We also detail recommendations for four priority areas in companion papers (exposure assessment methods, human variability assessment, methods for quantifying non-cancer health outcomes, and a framework for defining chemical classes). These recommendations constitute key steps for improved evidence-based environmental health decision-making and public health protection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00930-3ChemicalsConflicts of InterestEnvironmental HealthEnvironmental JusticeEPAHazard Identification |
spellingShingle | Tracey J. Woodruff Swati D. G. Rayasam Daniel A. Axelrad Patricia D. Koman Nicholas Chartres Deborah H. Bennett Linda S. Birnbaum Phil Brown Courtney C. Carignan Courtney Cooper Carl F. Cranor Miriam L. Diamond Shari Franjevic Eve C. Gartner Dale Hattis Russ Hauser Wendy Heiger-Bernays Rashmi Joglekar Juleen Lam Jonathan I. Levy Patrick M. MacRoy Maricel V. Maffini Emily C. Marquez Rachel Morello-Frosch Keeve E. Nachman Greylin H. Nielsen Catherine Oksas Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson Heather B. Patisaul Sharyle Patton Joshua F. Robinson Kathryn M. Rodgers Mark S. Rossi Ruthann A. Rudel Jennifer B. Sass Sheela Sathyanarayana Ted Schettler Rachel M. Shaffer Bhavna Shamasunder Peggy M. Shepard Kristin Shrader-Frechette Gina M. Solomon Wilma A. Subra Laura N. Vandenberg Julia R. Varshavsky Roberta F. White Ken Zarker Lauren Zeise A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement Environmental Health Chemicals Conflicts of Interest Environmental Health Environmental Justice EPA Hazard Identification |
title | A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement |
title_full | A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement |
title_fullStr | A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement |
title_full_unstemmed | A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement |
title_short | A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement |
title_sort | science based agenda for health protective chemical assessments and decisions overview and consensus statement |
topic | Chemicals Conflicts of Interest Environmental Health Environmental Justice EPA Hazard Identification |
url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00930-3 |
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