Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems
Increasing concerns regarding environmental impacts of animal production require a better understanding of the factors that influence nitrogen (N) excretion by animals and the processes that influence N volatilization into ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/2/283 |
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| author | João G. R. Almeida Elise Lorinquer Paul Robin Henrique M. N. Ribeiro-Filho Nadège Edouard |
| author_facet | João G. R. Almeida Elise Lorinquer Paul Robin Henrique M. N. Ribeiro-Filho Nadège Edouard |
| author_sort | João G. R. Almeida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increasing concerns regarding environmental impacts of animal production require a better understanding of the factors that influence nitrogen (N) excretion by animals and the processes that influence N volatilization into ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) from manure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of diet characteristics and climatic factors on manure composition, as well as the resulting NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in the barn and during storage of a straw-based litter system. Two groups of three dairy cows were housed in mechanically ventilated rooms and fed with a grass-based diet (GD) or a total mixed diet (MD). The resulting solid manures were stored in ventilated tunnels. The experiment was conducted in autumn (AUT) and spring (SPR). NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions were recorded continuously (28 days in the barn, 85 days for storage). NH<sub>3</sub>–N emissions in the barn were higher for GD-AUT than for MD-AUT, which was consistent with the larger and unbalanced amount of crude and degradable protein in GD, and corroborated by higher milk urea N contents. More than 80% of the NH<sub>3</sub>–N volatilization occurred during the first week of manure storage, when the temperature of the manure heap peaked. N<sub>2</sub>O–N emissions were negligible in the barn. During storage, N<sub>2</sub>O–N emissions peaked immediately after the first week. Higher N<sub>2</sub>O–N emissions were related to higher rainfall, which may have increased the moisture content and decreased the temperature of the manure heap, thus generating the conditions necessary for nitrification and denitrification processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:37:46Z |
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| id | doaj.art-6df7e5ce381b42c9a14d2e385c0c18c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:37:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-6df7e5ce381b42c9a14d2e385c0c18c72023-11-23T18:45:14ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-02-0113228310.3390/atmos13020283Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter SystemsJoão G. R. Almeida0Elise Lorinquer1Paul Robin2Henrique M. N. Ribeiro-Filho3Nadège Edouard4Departamento de Producao Animal e Alimentos CAV, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages 88520-000, BrazilInstitut de l’Elevage, 149 Rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, FranceINRAE, SAS, Institut Agro-Rennes-Angers, 35000 Rennes, FranceDepartamento de Producao Animal e Alimentos CAV, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages 88520-000, BrazilPEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590 Saint Gilles, FranceIncreasing concerns regarding environmental impacts of animal production require a better understanding of the factors that influence nitrogen (N) excretion by animals and the processes that influence N volatilization into ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) from manure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of diet characteristics and climatic factors on manure composition, as well as the resulting NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in the barn and during storage of a straw-based litter system. Two groups of three dairy cows were housed in mechanically ventilated rooms and fed with a grass-based diet (GD) or a total mixed diet (MD). The resulting solid manures were stored in ventilated tunnels. The experiment was conducted in autumn (AUT) and spring (SPR). NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions were recorded continuously (28 days in the barn, 85 days for storage). NH<sub>3</sub>–N emissions in the barn were higher for GD-AUT than for MD-AUT, which was consistent with the larger and unbalanced amount of crude and degradable protein in GD, and corroborated by higher milk urea N contents. More than 80% of the NH<sub>3</sub>–N volatilization occurred during the first week of manure storage, when the temperature of the manure heap peaked. N<sub>2</sub>O–N emissions were negligible in the barn. During storage, N<sub>2</sub>O–N emissions peaked immediately after the first week. Higher N<sub>2</sub>O–N emissions were related to higher rainfall, which may have increased the moisture content and decreased the temperature of the manure heap, thus generating the conditions necessary for nitrification and denitrification processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/2/283air qualitygreenhouse gassolid manurehousingstoragelivestock |
| spellingShingle | João G. R. Almeida Elise Lorinquer Paul Robin Henrique M. N. Ribeiro-Filho Nadège Edouard Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems Atmosphere air quality greenhouse gas solid manure housing storage livestock |
| title | Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems |
| title_full | Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems |
| title_fullStr | Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems |
| title_short | Ammonia and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dairy Cows on Straw-Based Litter Systems |
| title_sort | ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from dairy cows on straw based litter systems |
| topic | air quality greenhouse gas solid manure housing storage livestock |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/2/283 |
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