Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea

Urban forests provide various ecosystem services. Although the function of reducing particulate matter (PM) in the city is known, research into the reduction of PM according to the type and structure of various forests is still needed. It is essential to study the characteristics of PM concentration...

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Main Authors: Hong-Duck Sou, Pyung-Rae Kim, Byungmook Hwang, Jeong-Hak Oh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-11-01
Series:Land
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/11/1213
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author Hong-Duck Sou
Pyung-Rae Kim
Byungmook Hwang
Jeong-Hak Oh
author_facet Hong-Duck Sou
Pyung-Rae Kim
Byungmook Hwang
Jeong-Hak Oh
author_sort Hong-Duck Sou
collection DOAJ
description Urban forests provide various ecosystem services. Although the function of reducing particulate matter (PM) in the city is known, research into the reduction of PM according to the type and structure of various forests is still needed. It is essential to study the characteristics of PM concentration in urban riparian forests, which are frequently used for outdoor walks in the COVID-19 era. In this study, the diurnal and seasonal changes in PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were analyzed in urban forests with different structures in the riparian forests located in central Seoul. The PM concentration was found to be high regardless of the time of the day in forests with a developed canopy layer. Similar results were found before and after leaf emergence compared with the seasonal PM concentration. The results of this study highlight the need for planned and periodic management of the canopy layer and underground vegetation to prevent the PM trapping effect to ensure the safe use of riparian forests in cities.
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spelling doaj.art-6dfa6b81b3574d39a56e6c299e9a79d32023-11-23T00:01:51ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2021-11-011011121310.3390/land10111213Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, KoreaHong-Duck Sou0Pyung-Rae Kim1Byungmook Hwang2Jeong-Hak Oh3Urban Forests Division, National Institute of Forest Science, 57 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, KoreaUrban Forests Division, National Institute of Forest Science, 57 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, KoreaUrban Forests Division, National Institute of Forest Science, 57 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, KoreaUrban Forests Division, National Institute of Forest Science, 57 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, KoreaUrban forests provide various ecosystem services. Although the function of reducing particulate matter (PM) in the city is known, research into the reduction of PM according to the type and structure of various forests is still needed. It is essential to study the characteristics of PM concentration in urban riparian forests, which are frequently used for outdoor walks in the COVID-19 era. In this study, the diurnal and seasonal changes in PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were analyzed in urban forests with different structures in the riparian forests located in central Seoul. The PM concentration was found to be high regardless of the time of the day in forests with a developed canopy layer. Similar results were found before and after leaf emergence compared with the seasonal PM concentration. The results of this study highlight the need for planned and periodic management of the canopy layer and underground vegetation to prevent the PM trapping effect to ensure the safe use of riparian forests in cities.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/11/1213urban forestsforest structureparticulate matter dynamicsurban forest managementgreen infrastructure
spellingShingle Hong-Duck Sou
Pyung-Rae Kim
Byungmook Hwang
Jeong-Hak Oh
Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea
Land
urban forests
forest structure
particulate matter dynamics
urban forest management
green infrastructure
title Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea
title_full Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea
title_fullStr Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea
title_full_unstemmed Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea
title_short Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter Concentrations in the Urban Forests of Saetgang Ecological Park in Seoul, Korea
title_sort diurnal and seasonal variations of particulate matter concentrations in the urban forests of saetgang ecological park in seoul korea
topic urban forests
forest structure
particulate matter dynamics
urban forest management
green infrastructure
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/11/1213
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