Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica
Saxicolous rock ripe lichens that grow on rocks in the East Antarctic fellfields were sampled for phylotypic characterization of its constituent mycobionts (fungi) and photobionts (algae and cyanobacteria). The rock tripe lichen-forming fungal and algal phylotypes were classified under the common li...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/7/203 |
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| author | Merry Sailonga Faluaburu Ryosuke Nakai Satoshi Imura Takeshi Naganuma |
| author_facet | Merry Sailonga Faluaburu Ryosuke Nakai Satoshi Imura Takeshi Naganuma |
| author_sort | Merry Sailonga Faluaburu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Saxicolous rock ripe lichens that grow on rocks in the East Antarctic fellfields were sampled for phylotypic characterization of its constituent mycobionts (fungi) and photobionts (algae and cyanobacteria). The rock tripe lichen-forming fungal and algal phylotypes were classified under the common lichen-forming genera of ascomycetes, namely, <i>Umbilicaria</i>, and green algae, namely, <i>Trebouxia</i> and <i>Coccomyxa</i>. However, phylotypes of the green algal chloroplasts and the lichen-associated cyanobacteria showed unexpectedly high diversity. The detected chloroplast phylotypes were not fully affiliated with the green algal genera <i>Trebouxia</i> or <i>Coccomyxa</i>. The predominant chloroplast phylotype demonstrated maximum resemblance to <i>Neglectella solitaria</i>, which is neither a known Antarctic species nor a typical lichen photobiont. Another dominant chloroplast phylotype belonged to the atypical Antarctic green algae family. Cyanobacterial phylotypes were dominated by those affiliated with the <i>Microcoleus</i> species rather than the well-known lichen-associates, <i>Nostoc</i> species. The occurrences of these <i>Microcoleus</i>-affiliated cyanobacterial phylotypes were specifically abundant within the Yukidori Valley site, one of the Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPA). The ASPA site, along with another 50 km-distant site, yielded most of the cryptic diversity in the phylotypes of chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, which may contribute to the phenotypic variability within the rock tripe lichen photobionts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:25:30Z |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:25:30Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e03dffeb25544a092b7749625143b572022-12-22T00:58:45ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072019-07-017720310.3390/microorganisms7070203microorganisms7070203Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East AntarcticaMerry Sailonga Faluaburu0Ryosuke Nakai1Satoshi Imura2Takeshi Naganuma3Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanApplied Molecular Microbiology Research Group, Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-17-2-1, Tsukisamu-higashi, Toyohira Ward, Sapporo 062-8517, JapanNational Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, JapanGraduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanSaxicolous rock ripe lichens that grow on rocks in the East Antarctic fellfields were sampled for phylotypic characterization of its constituent mycobionts (fungi) and photobionts (algae and cyanobacteria). The rock tripe lichen-forming fungal and algal phylotypes were classified under the common lichen-forming genera of ascomycetes, namely, <i>Umbilicaria</i>, and green algae, namely, <i>Trebouxia</i> and <i>Coccomyxa</i>. However, phylotypes of the green algal chloroplasts and the lichen-associated cyanobacteria showed unexpectedly high diversity. The detected chloroplast phylotypes were not fully affiliated with the green algal genera <i>Trebouxia</i> or <i>Coccomyxa</i>. The predominant chloroplast phylotype demonstrated maximum resemblance to <i>Neglectella solitaria</i>, which is neither a known Antarctic species nor a typical lichen photobiont. Another dominant chloroplast phylotype belonged to the atypical Antarctic green algae family. Cyanobacterial phylotypes were dominated by those affiliated with the <i>Microcoleus</i> species rather than the well-known lichen-associates, <i>Nostoc</i> species. The occurrences of these <i>Microcoleus</i>-affiliated cyanobacterial phylotypes were specifically abundant within the Yukidori Valley site, one of the Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPA). The ASPA site, along with another 50 km-distant site, yielded most of the cryptic diversity in the phylotypes of chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, which may contribute to the phenotypic variability within the rock tripe lichen photobionts.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/7/203lichenssymbiosismycobiontsphotobiontschloroplastscyanobacteria |
| spellingShingle | Merry Sailonga Faluaburu Ryosuke Nakai Satoshi Imura Takeshi Naganuma Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica Microorganisms lichens symbiosis mycobionts photobionts chloroplasts cyanobacteria |
| title | Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica |
| title_full | Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica |
| title_fullStr | Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica |
| title_short | Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica |
| title_sort | phylotypic characterization of mycobionts and photobionts of rock tripe lichen in east antarctica |
| topic | lichens symbiosis mycobionts photobionts chloroplasts cyanobacteria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/7/203 |
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