A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations
Neurophysiological observations are clarifying how astrocytes can actively participate in information processing and how they can encode information through frequency and amplitude modulation of intracellular Ca2+ signals. Consequently, hardware realization of astrocytes is important for developing...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.00998/full |
| _version_ | 1811337139241091072 |
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| author | Farnaz Faramarzi Fatemeh Azad Mahmood Amiri Bernabé Linares-Barranco |
| author_facet | Farnaz Faramarzi Fatemeh Azad Mahmood Amiri Bernabé Linares-Barranco |
| author_sort | Farnaz Faramarzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurophysiological observations are clarifying how astrocytes can actively participate in information processing and how they can encode information through frequency and amplitude modulation of intracellular Ca2+ signals. Consequently, hardware realization of astrocytes is important for developing the next generation of bio-inspired computing systems. In this paper, astrocytic calcium oscillations and neuronal firing dynamics are presented by De Pittà and IF (Integrated & Fire) models, respectively. Considering highly nonlinear equations of the astrocyte model, linear approximation and single constant multiplication (SCM) techniques are employed for efficient hardware execution while maintaining the dynamic of the original models. This low-cost hardware architecture for the astrocyte model is able to show the essential features of different types of Ca2+ modulation such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or both modes (AFM). To show good agreement between the results of original models simulated in MATLAB and the proposed digital circuits executed on FPGA, quantitative, and qualitative analyses including phase plane are done. This new neuromorphic circuit of astrocyte is able to successfully demonstrate AM/FM/AFM calcium signaling in its real operation on FPGA and has applications in self-repairing systems. It also can be employed as a subsystem for linking biological cells to artificial neuronal networks using astrocytic calcium oscillations in future research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:50:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e0d78b1337c444a8e46316a5c794e4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:50:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e0d78b1337c444a8e46316a5c794e4a2022-12-22T02:36:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2019-10-011310.3389/fnins.2019.00998453882A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium OscillationsFarnaz Faramarzi0Fatemeh Azad1Mahmood Amiri2Bernabé Linares-Barranco3Department of Electronics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IranMedical Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IranMedical Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IranInstituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (IMSE-CNM), CSIC and Univesity of Seville, Sevilla, SpainNeurophysiological observations are clarifying how astrocytes can actively participate in information processing and how they can encode information through frequency and amplitude modulation of intracellular Ca2+ signals. Consequently, hardware realization of astrocytes is important for developing the next generation of bio-inspired computing systems. In this paper, astrocytic calcium oscillations and neuronal firing dynamics are presented by De Pittà and IF (Integrated & Fire) models, respectively. Considering highly nonlinear equations of the astrocyte model, linear approximation and single constant multiplication (SCM) techniques are employed for efficient hardware execution while maintaining the dynamic of the original models. This low-cost hardware architecture for the astrocyte model is able to show the essential features of different types of Ca2+ modulation such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or both modes (AFM). To show good agreement between the results of original models simulated in MATLAB and the proposed digital circuits executed on FPGA, quantitative, and qualitative analyses including phase plane are done. This new neuromorphic circuit of astrocyte is able to successfully demonstrate AM/FM/AFM calcium signaling in its real operation on FPGA and has applications in self-repairing systems. It also can be employed as a subsystem for linking biological cells to artificial neuronal networks using astrocytic calcium oscillations in future research.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.00998/fullcalcium modulationastrocyteinformation processingneuromorphic circuitFPGA |
| spellingShingle | Farnaz Faramarzi Fatemeh Azad Mahmood Amiri Bernabé Linares-Barranco A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations Frontiers in Neuroscience calcium modulation astrocyte information processing neuromorphic circuit FPGA |
| title | A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations |
| title_full | A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations |
| title_fullStr | A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations |
| title_short | A Neuromorphic Digital Circuit for Neuronal Information Encoding Using Astrocytic Calcium Oscillations |
| title_sort | neuromorphic digital circuit for neuronal information encoding using astrocytic calcium oscillations |
| topic | calcium modulation astrocyte information processing neuromorphic circuit FPGA |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.00998/full |
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