Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity
This study aimed to investigate the associations of competitive sport participation in adolescence and age at menarche (AAM) with body composition, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), physical performance, and physical activity (PA) in middle-aged women. 1098 women aged 47–55 years formed the s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/12/3797 |
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| author | Suvi Ravi Urho M. Kujala Tuija H. Tammelin Mirja Hirvensalo Vuokko Kovanen Maarit Valtonen Benjamin Waller Pauliina Aukee Sarianna Sipilä Eija K. Laakkonen |
| author_facet | Suvi Ravi Urho M. Kujala Tuija H. Tammelin Mirja Hirvensalo Vuokko Kovanen Maarit Valtonen Benjamin Waller Pauliina Aukee Sarianna Sipilä Eija K. Laakkonen |
| author_sort | Suvi Ravi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the associations of competitive sport participation in adolescence and age at menarche (AAM) with body composition, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), physical performance, and physical activity (PA) in middle-aged women. 1098 women aged 47–55 years formed the sample of this retrospective study. Participants self-reported their PA level at age 13–16 years and AAM. The protocol also included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, physical performance tests, and accelerometer-measured PA. Participants were divided into three groups according to their PA level at the age of 13–16 (no exercise, regular PA, and competitive sport) and according to their AAM (≤12, 13, and ≥14 years). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, participation in competitive sport at age 13–16 was associated with higher midlife lean mass and BMD, and better physical performance compared to groups with no exercise or regular PA. Individuals with AAM ≥ 14 years had lower midlife BMI and fat mass than participants in the other AAM groups and pre- and perimenopausal women with AAM ≥ 14 years had lower BMD than those with AAM ≤ 12. The findings indicate that participation in competitive sport in adolescence is associated with healthier body composition, higher BMD, and better physical performance in midlife, but BMD might be impaired if menarche occurs late. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:36:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e136669e5a649e392383137dd25f9ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:36:56Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e136669e5a649e392383137dd25f9ed2023-11-20T22:08:31ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-11-01912379710.3390/jcm9123797Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical ActivitySuvi Ravi0Urho M. Kujala1Tuija H. Tammelin2Mirja Hirvensalo3Vuokko Kovanen4Maarit Valtonen5Benjamin Waller6Pauliina Aukee7Sarianna Sipilä8Eija K. Laakkonen9Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandLIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, 40700 Jyväskylä, FinlandFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandGerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandResearch Institute for Olympic Sports, 40700 Jyväskylä, FinlandPhysical Activity, Physical Education, Sport and Health Research Centre, Sports Science Department, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, 102 Reykjavik, IcelandDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Research and Therapy Unit, Central Finland Central Hospital, 40620 Jyväskylä, FinlandGerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandGerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandThis study aimed to investigate the associations of competitive sport participation in adolescence and age at menarche (AAM) with body composition, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), physical performance, and physical activity (PA) in middle-aged women. 1098 women aged 47–55 years formed the sample of this retrospective study. Participants self-reported their PA level at age 13–16 years and AAM. The protocol also included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, physical performance tests, and accelerometer-measured PA. Participants were divided into three groups according to their PA level at the age of 13–16 (no exercise, regular PA, and competitive sport) and according to their AAM (≤12, 13, and ≥14 years). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, participation in competitive sport at age 13–16 was associated with higher midlife lean mass and BMD, and better physical performance compared to groups with no exercise or regular PA. Individuals with AAM ≥ 14 years had lower midlife BMI and fat mass than participants in the other AAM groups and pre- and perimenopausal women with AAM ≥ 14 years had lower BMD than those with AAM ≤ 12. The findings indicate that participation in competitive sport in adolescence is associated with healthier body composition, higher BMD, and better physical performance in midlife, but BMD might be impaired if menarche occurs late.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/12/3797adolescent athletefemale athleteage at menarchebody compositionbone mineral densityphysical performance |
| spellingShingle | Suvi Ravi Urho M. Kujala Tuija H. Tammelin Mirja Hirvensalo Vuokko Kovanen Maarit Valtonen Benjamin Waller Pauliina Aukee Sarianna Sipilä Eija K. Laakkonen Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity Journal of Clinical Medicine adolescent athlete female athlete age at menarche body composition bone mineral density physical performance |
| title | Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity |
| title_full | Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity |
| title_fullStr | Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity |
| title_short | Adolescent Sport Participation and Age at Menarche in Relation to Midlife Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Fitness, and Physical Activity |
| title_sort | adolescent sport participation and age at menarche in relation to midlife body composition bone mineral density fitness and physical activity |
| topic | adolescent athlete female athlete age at menarche body composition bone mineral density physical performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/12/3797 |
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