How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review
Chemotherapy is much more effective in immunocompetent mice than in immunodeficient ones, and it is now acknowledged that an efficient immune system is necessary to optimize chemotherapy activity and efficacy. Furthermore, chemotherapy itself may reinvigorate immune response in different ways: by ta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/8/1822 |
| _version_ | 1827623567449128960 |
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| author | Marco Carlo Merlano Nerina Denaro Danilo Galizia Fiorella Ruatta Marcella Occelli Silvia Minei Andrea Abbona Matteo Paccagnella Michele Ghidini Ornella Garrone |
| author_facet | Marco Carlo Merlano Nerina Denaro Danilo Galizia Fiorella Ruatta Marcella Occelli Silvia Minei Andrea Abbona Matteo Paccagnella Michele Ghidini Ornella Garrone |
| author_sort | Marco Carlo Merlano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemotherapy is much more effective in immunocompetent mice than in immunodeficient ones, and it is now acknowledged that an efficient immune system is necessary to optimize chemotherapy activity and efficacy. Furthermore, chemotherapy itself may reinvigorate immune response in different ways: by targeting cancer cells through the induction of cell stress, the release of damage signals and the induction of immunogenic cell death, by targeting immune cells, inhibiting immune suppressive cells and/or activating immune effector cells; and by targeting the host physiology through changes in the balance of gut microbiome. All these effects acting on immune and non-immune components interfere with the tumor microenvironment, leading to the different activity and efficacy of treatments. This article describes the correlation between chemotherapy and the immune changes induced in the tumor microenvironment. Our ultimate aim is to pave the way for the identification of the best drugs or combinations, the doses, the schedules and the right sequences to use when chemotherapy is combined with immunotherapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:51:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e146126b2804aafb1a88252fbef4672 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:51:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e146126b2804aafb1a88252fbef46722023-11-30T23:14:18ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-07-01108182210.3390/biomedicines10081822How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative ReviewMarco Carlo Merlano0Nerina Denaro1Danilo Galizia2Fiorella Ruatta3Marcella Occelli4Silvia Minei5Andrea Abbona6Matteo Paccagnella7Michele Ghidini8Ornella Garrone9Scientific Direction, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo, 10060 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, ItalyMultidisciplinary Oncology Outpatient Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, S. Croce e Carle Teaching Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, ItalyPost-Graduate School of Specialization Medical Oncology, University of Bari “A.Moro”, 70120 Bari, ItalyTranslational Oncology ARCO Foundation, 12100 Cuneo, ItalyTranslational Oncology ARCO Foundation, 12100 Cuneo, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, ItalyChemotherapy is much more effective in immunocompetent mice than in immunodeficient ones, and it is now acknowledged that an efficient immune system is necessary to optimize chemotherapy activity and efficacy. Furthermore, chemotherapy itself may reinvigorate immune response in different ways: by targeting cancer cells through the induction of cell stress, the release of damage signals and the induction of immunogenic cell death, by targeting immune cells, inhibiting immune suppressive cells and/or activating immune effector cells; and by targeting the host physiology through changes in the balance of gut microbiome. All these effects acting on immune and non-immune components interfere with the tumor microenvironment, leading to the different activity and efficacy of treatments. This article describes the correlation between chemotherapy and the immune changes induced in the tumor microenvironment. Our ultimate aim is to pave the way for the identification of the best drugs or combinations, the doses, the schedules and the right sequences to use when chemotherapy is combined with immunotherapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/8/1822chemotherapyimmune cellstumor microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Marco Carlo Merlano Nerina Denaro Danilo Galizia Fiorella Ruatta Marcella Occelli Silvia Minei Andrea Abbona Matteo Paccagnella Michele Ghidini Ornella Garrone How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review Biomedicines chemotherapy immune cells tumor microenvironment |
| title | How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review |
| title_full | How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review |
| title_short | How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | how chemotherapy affects the tumor immune microenvironment a narrative review |
| topic | chemotherapy immune cells tumor microenvironment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/8/1822 |
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