Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides
In order to improve the performance of white rot fungi, especially the model species <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> in tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) degradation, the strategy of synergizing <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> with nano iron oxides was considered; however,...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Ningjie Li Jieyu Yu Xiaojie Wang Liu Chen Hong Jiang Wenjie Zhang |
| author_facet | Ningjie Li Jieyu Yu Xiaojie Wang Liu Chen Hong Jiang Wenjie Zhang |
| author_sort | Ningjie Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to improve the performance of white rot fungi, especially the model species <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> in tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) degradation, the strategy of synergizing <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> with nano iron oxides was considered; however, the effects of different nano iron oxides on <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> are still unknown. In this study, 20 nm γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, 30 nm α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, 20 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and 200 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> were used, and the fungal growth, oxidative stress, and ability to degrade TBBPA were monitored. The results showed that the addition of four nano iron oxides did not inhibit the growth of <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>. The effective antioxidant defense system of <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> could cope with almost all oxidative pressure induced by 200 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. But when the size of nano iron oxide became significantly smaller or when the type of iron oxide changed from Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> to Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, a higher intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content, lower intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and higher extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were induced. When nano iron oxides synergized with <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>, the removal of TBBPA in all groups was slightly improved and mostly due to the degradation of TBBPA, with smaller iron oxides showing more enhancement for the degradation of TBBPA, while 200 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> only enhanced the adsorption of TBBPA. The enhanced degradation of TBBPA showed no significant correlation with lignin-degrading enzyme activities but was closely correlated with the intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6e28f94e87e54b8c9c6d23aed9ac9a272024-02-23T15:37:58ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412024-02-0116456710.3390/w16040567Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron OxidesNingjie Li0Jieyu Yu1Xiaojie Wang2Liu Chen3Hong Jiang4Wenjie Zhang5Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaIn order to improve the performance of white rot fungi, especially the model species <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> in tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) degradation, the strategy of synergizing <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> with nano iron oxides was considered; however, the effects of different nano iron oxides on <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> are still unknown. In this study, 20 nm γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, 30 nm α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, 20 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and 200 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> were used, and the fungal growth, oxidative stress, and ability to degrade TBBPA were monitored. The results showed that the addition of four nano iron oxides did not inhibit the growth of <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>. The effective antioxidant defense system of <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> could cope with almost all oxidative pressure induced by 200 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. But when the size of nano iron oxide became significantly smaller or when the type of iron oxide changed from Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> to Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, a higher intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content, lower intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and higher extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were induced. When nano iron oxides synergized with <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>, the removal of TBBPA in all groups was slightly improved and mostly due to the degradation of TBBPA, with smaller iron oxides showing more enhancement for the degradation of TBBPA, while 200 nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> only enhanced the adsorption of TBBPA. The enhanced degradation of TBBPA showed no significant correlation with lignin-degrading enzyme activities but was closely correlated with the intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/4/567nano iron oxide<i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>oxidative stresstetrabromobisphenol A |
| spellingShingle | Ningjie Li Jieyu Yu Xiaojie Wang Liu Chen Hong Jiang Wenjie Zhang Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides Water nano iron oxide <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> oxidative stress tetrabromobisphenol A |
| title | Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides |
| title_full | Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides |
| title_fullStr | Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides |
| title_short | Growth, Oxidative Stress and Ability to Degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A of <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i> in the Presence of Different Nano Iron Oxides |
| title_sort | growth oxidative stress and ability to degrade tetrabromobisphenol a of i phanerochaete i i chrysosporium i in the presence of different nano iron oxides |
| topic | nano iron oxide <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> oxidative stress tetrabromobisphenol A |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/4/567 |
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