Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding
The new alloying concept of multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA—high-entropy alloy; MEA—medium-entropy alloy) is gaining increasing importance in materials research. Significantly improved properties or combinations of properties are shown by some HEA/MEA systems. Thus, primarily the pro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/6/6/147 |
| _version_ | 1797456929912520704 |
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| author | Tim Richter Dirk Schroepfer Michael Rhode |
| author_facet | Tim Richter Dirk Schroepfer Michael Rhode |
| author_sort | Tim Richter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The new alloying concept of multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA—high-entropy alloy; MEA—medium-entropy alloy) is gaining increasing importance in materials research. Significantly improved properties or combinations of properties are shown by some HEA/MEA systems. Thus, primarily the production and resulting microstructures of HEA, as well as its properties, have been investigated so far. Furthermore, processing is a main issue in transferring HEA systems from the laboratory to real components. Since welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is crucial to investigate the influence of welding to guarantee component integrity. Welding leads to residual stresses, which significantly affect the component integrity. Hence, the focus of this study is the residual stress formation and distribution in a CoCrFeMnNi HEA and ternary CoCrNi MEA using two different welding processes: tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding and solid-state friction stir welding (FSW). As a pathway for the application of HEA in this investigation, for the first time, residual stress analyses in realistic near-component specimens were performed. The residual stresses were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the surfaces of top and root weld side. The results were correlated with the local welding microstructures. The results show that both FSW and TIG generate significant tensile residual stresses on the weld surfaces in, and transverse to, the welding direction. In the case of FSW of the CoCrFeMnNi HEA, the longitudinal residual stresses are in the range of the yield strength of approx. 260 MPa in the weld zone. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:14:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e3cb1a3c8d342c28d2b1cf7d78c91ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-4494 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:14:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e3cb1a3c8d342c28d2b1cf7d78c91ff2023-11-24T15:53:56ZengMDPI AGJournal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing2504-44942022-11-016614710.3390/jmmp6060147Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir WeldingTim Richter0Dirk Schroepfer1Michael Rhode2Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, GermanyInstitute for Material Science and Joining Technology (IWF), Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39104 Magdeburg, GermanyBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, GermanyThe new alloying concept of multi-element systems with defined entropy (HEA—high-entropy alloy; MEA—medium-entropy alloy) is gaining increasing importance in materials research. Significantly improved properties or combinations of properties are shown by some HEA/MEA systems. Thus, primarily the production and resulting microstructures of HEA, as well as its properties, have been investigated so far. Furthermore, processing is a main issue in transferring HEA systems from the laboratory to real components. Since welding is the most important joining process for metals, it is crucial to investigate the influence of welding to guarantee component integrity. Welding leads to residual stresses, which significantly affect the component integrity. Hence, the focus of this study is the residual stress formation and distribution in a CoCrFeMnNi HEA and ternary CoCrNi MEA using two different welding processes: tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding and solid-state friction stir welding (FSW). As a pathway for the application of HEA in this investigation, for the first time, residual stress analyses in realistic near-component specimens were performed. The residual stresses were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the surfaces of top and root weld side. The results were correlated with the local welding microstructures. The results show that both FSW and TIG generate significant tensile residual stresses on the weld surfaces in, and transverse to, the welding direction. In the case of FSW of the CoCrFeMnNi HEA, the longitudinal residual stresses are in the range of the yield strength of approx. 260 MPa in the weld zone.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/6/6/147residual stresseshigh-entropy alloysweldingTIGFSW |
| spellingShingle | Tim Richter Dirk Schroepfer Michael Rhode Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing residual stresses high-entropy alloys welding TIG FSW |
| title | Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding |
| title_full | Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding |
| title_fullStr | Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding |
| title_short | Residual Stresses in a High- and a Medium-Entropy Alloy due to TIG and Friction Stir Welding |
| title_sort | residual stresses in a high and a medium entropy alloy due to tig and friction stir welding |
| topic | residual stresses high-entropy alloys welding TIG FSW |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/6/6/147 |
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