Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction?
Since the end of the 20th century, it has been clear that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. However, the main triggering mechanism of the inflammatory process in the vascular walls is still unclear. To date, many different hypotheses have been put forward to explain the causes of atherogen...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/5/707 |
| _version_ | 1797615585828274176 |
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| author | Konstantin A. Lusta Anastasia V. Poznyak Vasily N. Sukhorukov Ilya I. Eremin Irina I. Nadelyaeva Alexander N. Orekhov |
| author_facet | Konstantin A. Lusta Anastasia V. Poznyak Vasily N. Sukhorukov Ilya I. Eremin Irina I. Nadelyaeva Alexander N. Orekhov |
| author_sort | Konstantin A. Lusta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since the end of the 20th century, it has been clear that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. However, the main triggering mechanism of the inflammatory process in the vascular walls is still unclear. To date, many different hypotheses have been put forward to explain the causes of atherogenesis, and all of them are supported by strong evidence. Among the main causes of atherosclerosis, which underlies these hypotheses, the following can be mentioned: lipoprotein modification, oxidative transformation, shear stress, endothelial dysfunction, free radicals’ action, homocysteinemia, diabetes mellitus, and decreased nitric oxide level. One of the latest hypotheses concerns the infectious nature of atherogenesis. The currently available data indicate that pathogen-associated molecular patterns from bacteria or viruses may be an etiological factor in atherosclerosis. This paper is devoted to the analysis of existing hypotheses for atherogenesis triggering, and special attention is paid to the contribution of bacterial and viral infections to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:28:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e3f60b2fa1d4e9d9dbc32ada1777d60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:28:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e3f60b2fa1d4e9d9dbc32ada1777d602023-11-17T07:27:06ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-02-0112570710.3390/cells12050707Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction?Konstantin A. Lusta0Anastasia V. Poznyak1Vasily N. Sukhorukov2Ilya I. Eremin3Irina I. Nadelyaeva4Alexander N. Orekhov5Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, RussiaPetrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, RussiaPetrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, RussiaSince the end of the 20th century, it has been clear that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. However, the main triggering mechanism of the inflammatory process in the vascular walls is still unclear. To date, many different hypotheses have been put forward to explain the causes of atherogenesis, and all of them are supported by strong evidence. Among the main causes of atherosclerosis, which underlies these hypotheses, the following can be mentioned: lipoprotein modification, oxidative transformation, shear stress, endothelial dysfunction, free radicals’ action, homocysteinemia, diabetes mellitus, and decreased nitric oxide level. One of the latest hypotheses concerns the infectious nature of atherogenesis. The currently available data indicate that pathogen-associated molecular patterns from bacteria or viruses may be an etiological factor in atherosclerosis. This paper is devoted to the analysis of existing hypotheses for atherogenesis triggering, and special attention is paid to the contribution of bacterial and viral infections to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/5/707atherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseinflammationinfectionslipoprotein modificationendothelial dysfunction |
| spellingShingle | Konstantin A. Lusta Anastasia V. Poznyak Vasily N. Sukhorukov Ilya I. Eremin Irina I. Nadelyaeva Alexander N. Orekhov Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction? Cells atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease inflammation infections lipoprotein modification endothelial dysfunction |
| title | Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction? |
| title_full | Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction? |
| title_fullStr | Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction? |
| title_short | Hypotheses on Atherogenesis Triggering: Does the Infectious Nature of Atherosclerosis Development Have a Substruction? |
| title_sort | hypotheses on atherogenesis triggering does the infectious nature of atherosclerosis development have a substruction |
| topic | atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease inflammation infections lipoprotein modification endothelial dysfunction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/5/707 |
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