Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments
<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is a particularly foodborne pathogen associated with listeriosis, which can be disseminated in food and food processing environments. This study aimed to determine the serotypes and characteristics of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance among 40 <...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1099 |
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| author | Patryk Wiśniewski Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski Anna Zadernowska Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska |
| author_facet | Patryk Wiśniewski Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski Anna Zadernowska Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska |
| author_sort | Patryk Wiśniewski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is a particularly foodborne pathogen associated with listeriosis, which can be disseminated in food and food processing environments. This study aimed to determine the serotypes and characteristics of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance among 40 <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains isolated from food (<i>n</i> = 27) purchased in Olsztyn (Warmia and Mazury region, Poland) and food processing environments in Poland (<i>n</i> = 13). Isolates were assigned to serotypes 1/2a, 1/2c, 3a, and 3c using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that serotype 1/2a (66.7%) was the most prevalent among strains from food, and serotype 1/2c (53.8%) among strains from the food processing environments. Five different virulence factors (<i>hlyA, prfA, inlB, luxS, sigB</i>) were detected in all isolates from the food processing environments using PCR. The <i>hlyA</i> (100.0%), <i>prfA</i> (100.0%), and <i>inlB</i> (96.3%) were the most prevalent in food strains. Seven (25.9%) of the strains of food and ten (76.9%) strains from the food processing environments showed the ability to form biofilm. The tested isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing against 12 antibiotics used in the mitigation of listeriosis, using the disk diffusion method. The most frequent were intermediate resistance and resistance to clindamycin. Twelve (92.3%) strains from the food processing environments, and twenty-three (85.2%) from food were non-susceptible to clindamycin. Generally, antibacterial resistance determinants (<i>Lde</i>, <i>aadB</i>, <i>aac(3)-IIa(aacC2)<sup>a</sup></i>, <i>penA</i>, <i>mefA</i>, <i>lnuA</i>, <i>lnuB</i>, <i>sulI, sulII</i>) were detected in sixteen (59.0%) strains from food and four (30.8%) from the food processing environments, by PCR. The most frequent were the <i>mefA-lnuA</i> (<i>n</i> = 7; 20.0%) and <i>lnuA</i> (<i>n</i> = 6; 17.1%) genotypes. From this research, we can conclude that virulent and antimicrobial-resistant strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> are present in food and the food processing environment in Poland, which may pose a potential health risk to consumers. Monitoring for the control of virulent and antimicrobial-resistant <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains in the food system can contribute to effective planning and prevention of their spread. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:37:34Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:37:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e45a75b6f89430f88a45bfc818ef4042023-11-24T01:47:41ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-09-011110109910.3390/pathogens11101099Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing EnvironmentsPatryk Wiśniewski0Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski1Anna Zadernowska2Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska3Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is a particularly foodborne pathogen associated with listeriosis, which can be disseminated in food and food processing environments. This study aimed to determine the serotypes and characteristics of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance among 40 <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains isolated from food (<i>n</i> = 27) purchased in Olsztyn (Warmia and Mazury region, Poland) and food processing environments in Poland (<i>n</i> = 13). Isolates were assigned to serotypes 1/2a, 1/2c, 3a, and 3c using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that serotype 1/2a (66.7%) was the most prevalent among strains from food, and serotype 1/2c (53.8%) among strains from the food processing environments. Five different virulence factors (<i>hlyA, prfA, inlB, luxS, sigB</i>) were detected in all isolates from the food processing environments using PCR. The <i>hlyA</i> (100.0%), <i>prfA</i> (100.0%), and <i>inlB</i> (96.3%) were the most prevalent in food strains. Seven (25.9%) of the strains of food and ten (76.9%) strains from the food processing environments showed the ability to form biofilm. The tested isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing against 12 antibiotics used in the mitigation of listeriosis, using the disk diffusion method. The most frequent were intermediate resistance and resistance to clindamycin. Twelve (92.3%) strains from the food processing environments, and twenty-three (85.2%) from food were non-susceptible to clindamycin. Generally, antibacterial resistance determinants (<i>Lde</i>, <i>aadB</i>, <i>aac(3)-IIa(aacC2)<sup>a</sup></i>, <i>penA</i>, <i>mefA</i>, <i>lnuA</i>, <i>lnuB</i>, <i>sulI, sulII</i>) were detected in sixteen (59.0%) strains from food and four (30.8%) from the food processing environments, by PCR. The most frequent were the <i>mefA-lnuA</i> (<i>n</i> = 7; 20.0%) and <i>lnuA</i> (<i>n</i> = 6; 17.1%) genotypes. From this research, we can conclude that virulent and antimicrobial-resistant strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> are present in food and the food processing environment in Poland, which may pose a potential health risk to consumers. Monitoring for the control of virulent and antimicrobial-resistant <i>L. monocytogenes</i> strains in the food system can contribute to effective planning and prevention of their spread.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1099<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>virulence factorsvirulence genesantimicrobial resistanceresistance genesfood |
| spellingShingle | Patryk Wiśniewski Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski Anna Zadernowska Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments Pathogens <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> virulence factors virulence genes antimicrobial resistance resistance genes food |
| title | Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characterization of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Strains Isolated from Food and Food Processing Environments |
| title_sort | antimicrobial resistance and virulence characterization of i listeria monocytogenes i strains isolated from food and food processing environments |
| topic | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> virulence factors virulence genes antimicrobial resistance resistance genes food |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1099 |
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