Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization
Fusarium verticillioides is the most common fungal pathogen associated with maize ear rot in Tanzania. In a two-year trial, we investigated the efficacy of crop protection (insecticide and/or fungicide) and fertilizer (nitrogen and/or phosphorus) treatments in reducing the occurrence of F. verticill...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/2/67 |
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| author | Richard Raphael Madege Kris Audenaert Martin Kimanya Bendantukuka Tiisekwa Bruno De Meulenaer Boris Bekaert Sofie Landschoot Geert Haesaert |
| author_facet | Richard Raphael Madege Kris Audenaert Martin Kimanya Bendantukuka Tiisekwa Bruno De Meulenaer Boris Bekaert Sofie Landschoot Geert Haesaert |
| author_sort | Richard Raphael Madege |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fusarium verticillioides is the most common fungal pathogen associated with maize ear rot in Tanzania. In a two-year trial, we investigated the efficacy of crop protection (insecticide and/or fungicide) and fertilizer (nitrogen and/or phosphorus) treatments in reducing the occurrence of F. verticillioides and its mycotoxins in maize grown in Tanzania. Seasonal differences were seen to have a substantial influence on the incidence and severity of insect infestation, Fusarium ear and kernel rot, biomass of F. verticillioides and contamination with fumonisins. With regard to the application of fertilizers, it was concluded that the impact on maize stalk borer injury, Fusarium symptoms and fumonisin levels was not significant, whereas crop protection significantly reduced maize damage. The application of an insecticide was most effective in reducing insect injury and as a result of the reduced insect injury the insecticide treatment also resulted in a significant decrease in Fusarium symptoms. In 2014, fumonisin levels were also significantly lower in maize treated with an insecticide. Additionally, significant positive correlations between insect damage and Fusarium symptoms were observed. In conclusion, this study clearly shows that application of an insecticide alone or in combination with a fungicide at anthesis significantly reduces insect damage and consequently reduces F. verticillioides infection and associated fumonisin contamination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:58:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e551ac346ee496f97f32f5eee4d2a18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:58:55Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e551ac346ee496f97f32f5eee4d2a182022-12-22T02:53:11ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512018-02-011026710.3390/toxins10020067toxins10020067Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and FertilizationRichard Raphael Madege0Kris Audenaert1Martin Kimanya2Bendantukuka Tiisekwa3Bruno De Meulenaer4Boris Bekaert5Sofie Landschoot6Geert Haesaert7College of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3005, Morogoro, TanzaniaDepartment of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, BE-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSchool of life Sciences and Bio Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technologies, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, TanzaniaCollege of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3005, Morogoro, TanzaniaDepartment of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, BE-9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, BE-9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, BE-9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, BE-9000 Ghent, BelgiumFusarium verticillioides is the most common fungal pathogen associated with maize ear rot in Tanzania. In a two-year trial, we investigated the efficacy of crop protection (insecticide and/or fungicide) and fertilizer (nitrogen and/or phosphorus) treatments in reducing the occurrence of F. verticillioides and its mycotoxins in maize grown in Tanzania. Seasonal differences were seen to have a substantial influence on the incidence and severity of insect infestation, Fusarium ear and kernel rot, biomass of F. verticillioides and contamination with fumonisins. With regard to the application of fertilizers, it was concluded that the impact on maize stalk borer injury, Fusarium symptoms and fumonisin levels was not significant, whereas crop protection significantly reduced maize damage. The application of an insecticide was most effective in reducing insect injury and as a result of the reduced insect injury the insecticide treatment also resulted in a significant decrease in Fusarium symptoms. In 2014, fumonisin levels were also significantly lower in maize treated with an insecticide. Additionally, significant positive correlations between insect damage and Fusarium symptoms were observed. In conclusion, this study clearly shows that application of an insecticide alone or in combination with a fungicide at anthesis significantly reduces insect damage and consequently reduces F. verticillioides infection and associated fumonisin contamination.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/2/67endosulfanear rotfertilizerfumonisinfungicideinsecticidetriadimenol + tebuconazole |
| spellingShingle | Richard Raphael Madege Kris Audenaert Martin Kimanya Bendantukuka Tiisekwa Bruno De Meulenaer Boris Bekaert Sofie Landschoot Geert Haesaert Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization Toxins endosulfan ear rot fertilizer fumonisin fungicide insecticide triadimenol + tebuconazole |
| title | Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization |
| title_full | Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization |
| title_fullStr | Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization |
| title_short | Control of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg and Fumonisins by Using a Combination of Crop Protection Products and Fertilization |
| title_sort | control of fusarium verticillioides sacc nirenberg and fumonisins by using a combination of crop protection products and fertilization |
| topic | endosulfan ear rot fertilizer fumonisin fungicide insecticide triadimenol + tebuconazole |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/2/67 |
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