A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology
This paper presents a Class-D voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a hybrid switch capacitor array. In order to reduce the phase noise of the oscillator, an implicit common-mode resonance technique is used, effectively suppressing the conversion of power supply noise to VCO phase noise. At the s...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/10/2262 |
| _version_ | 1797600314197540864 |
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| author | Haotang Xu Yuchen Yan Yingxi Wang Qiliang Zhang Zhongmao Li Zhiqiang Li |
| author_facet | Haotang Xu Yuchen Yan Yingxi Wang Qiliang Zhang Zhongmao Li Zhiqiang Li |
| author_sort | Haotang Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents a Class-D voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a hybrid switch capacitor array. In order to reduce the phase noise of the oscillator, an implicit common-mode resonance technique is used, effectively suppressing the conversion of power supply noise to VCO phase noise. At the same time, due to the use of a transformer in implicit common-mode resonance technology, the core area of the oscillator is not significantly increased compared with the traditional Class-D VCO. Based on the proposed technology, the proposed VCO exhibits lower phase noise compared to the original Class-D VCO, and also has many different advantages compared to low-voltage VCOs produced by similar technological processes. The proposed VCO was designed in a 55 nm CMOS process. Simulation results show that this VCO has an operating range from 4.36 to 6.43 GHz, resulting in the frequency tuning range (FTR) of 38.5%. In addition, its power consumption was 3.46 mW, the phase noise at 4.36 GHz was −124.2 dBc/Hz@1 MHz, and the figure of merit (FoM) was −191.6 dBc/Hz@1 MHz. The core area is 0.15 mm<sup>2</sup>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:46:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e60581988f64658affce3d4d54ace97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:46:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e60581988f64658affce3d4d54ace972023-11-18T01:09:58ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922023-05-011210226210.3390/electronics12102262A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS TechnologyHaotang Xu0Yuchen Yan1Yingxi Wang2Qiliang Zhang3Zhongmao Li4Zhiqiang Li5Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaInstitute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaInstitute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaInstitute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaInstitute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaInstitute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaThis paper presents a Class-D voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a hybrid switch capacitor array. In order to reduce the phase noise of the oscillator, an implicit common-mode resonance technique is used, effectively suppressing the conversion of power supply noise to VCO phase noise. At the same time, due to the use of a transformer in implicit common-mode resonance technology, the core area of the oscillator is not significantly increased compared with the traditional Class-D VCO. Based on the proposed technology, the proposed VCO exhibits lower phase noise compared to the original Class-D VCO, and also has many different advantages compared to low-voltage VCOs produced by similar technological processes. The proposed VCO was designed in a 55 nm CMOS process. Simulation results show that this VCO has an operating range from 4.36 to 6.43 GHz, resulting in the frequency tuning range (FTR) of 38.5%. In addition, its power consumption was 3.46 mW, the phase noise at 4.36 GHz was −124.2 dBc/Hz@1 MHz, and the figure of merit (FoM) was −191.6 dBc/Hz@1 MHz. The core area is 0.15 mm<sup>2</sup>.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/10/2262VCOclass-Dphase noisecommon-mode resonanceFoM |
| spellingShingle | Haotang Xu Yuchen Yan Yingxi Wang Qiliang Zhang Zhongmao Li Zhiqiang Li A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology Electronics VCO class-D phase noise common-mode resonance FoM |
| title | A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology |
| title_full | A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology |
| title_fullStr | A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology |
| title_short | A Low-Voltage Class-D VCO with Implicit Common-Mode Resonator Implemented in 55 nm CMOS Technology |
| title_sort | low voltage class d vco with implicit common mode resonator implemented in 55 nm cmos technology |
| topic | VCO class-D phase noise common-mode resonance FoM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/10/2262 |
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