Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation system aiming to maintain cell homeostasis in response to cellular stress. At physiological states, basal or constitutive level of autophagy activity is usually low; however, it is markedly up-regulated in response to oxidative stres...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcell.2018.00109/full |
| _version_ | 1818296713900720128 |
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| author | Panagiotis Skendros Panagiotis Skendros Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Konstantinos Ritis Konstantinos Ritis |
| author_facet | Panagiotis Skendros Panagiotis Skendros Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Konstantinos Ritis Konstantinos Ritis |
| author_sort | Panagiotis Skendros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation system aiming to maintain cell homeostasis in response to cellular stress. At physiological states, basal or constitutive level of autophagy activity is usually low; however, it is markedly up-regulated in response to oxidative stress, nutrient starvation, and various immunological stimuli including pathogens. Many studies over the last years have indicated the implication of autophagy in a plethora of cell populations and functions. In this review, we focus on the role of autophagy in the biology of neutrophils. Early studies provided a link between autophagy and neutrophil cell death, a process essential for resolution of inflammation. Since then, several lines of evidence both in the human system and in murine models propose a critical role for autophagy in neutrophil-driven inflammation and defense against pathogens. Autophagy is essential for major neutrophil functions, including degranulation, reactive oxygen species production, and release of neutrophil extracellular traps. Going back to neutrophil generation in the bone marrow, autophagy plays a critical role in myelopoiesis, driving the differentiation of progenitor cells of the myeloid lineage toward neutrophils. Taken together, in this review we discuss the functional role of autophagy in neutrophils throughout their life, from their production in the bone marrow to inflammatory responses and NETotic cell death. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T04:07:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e6c9ea2789d489a832ac350d3e12bec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T04:07:55Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e6c9ea2789d489a832ac350d3e12bec2022-12-22T00:00:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2018-09-01610.3389/fcell.2018.00109408323Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular TrapsPanagiotis Skendros0Panagiotis Skendros1Ioannis Mitroulis2Ioannis Mitroulis3Ioannis Mitroulis4Ioannis Mitroulis5Konstantinos Ritis6Konstantinos Ritis7Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceFirst Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceLaboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceFirst Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceInstitute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, GermanyNational Center for Tumor Diseases, Dresden, GermanyLaboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceFirst Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceAutophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation system aiming to maintain cell homeostasis in response to cellular stress. At physiological states, basal or constitutive level of autophagy activity is usually low; however, it is markedly up-regulated in response to oxidative stress, nutrient starvation, and various immunological stimuli including pathogens. Many studies over the last years have indicated the implication of autophagy in a plethora of cell populations and functions. In this review, we focus on the role of autophagy in the biology of neutrophils. Early studies provided a link between autophagy and neutrophil cell death, a process essential for resolution of inflammation. Since then, several lines of evidence both in the human system and in murine models propose a critical role for autophagy in neutrophil-driven inflammation and defense against pathogens. Autophagy is essential for major neutrophil functions, including degranulation, reactive oxygen species production, and release of neutrophil extracellular traps. Going back to neutrophil generation in the bone marrow, autophagy plays a critical role in myelopoiesis, driving the differentiation of progenitor cells of the myeloid lineage toward neutrophils. Taken together, in this review we discuss the functional role of autophagy in neutrophils throughout their life, from their production in the bone marrow to inflammatory responses and NETotic cell death.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcell.2018.00109/fullautophagyneutrophilgranulopoiesisphagocytosisdegranulationneutrophil extracellular traps |
| spellingShingle | Panagiotis Skendros Panagiotis Skendros Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Ioannis Mitroulis Konstantinos Ritis Konstantinos Ritis Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology autophagy neutrophil granulopoiesis phagocytosis degranulation neutrophil extracellular traps |
| title | Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps |
| title_full | Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps |
| title_fullStr | Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps |
| title_short | Autophagy in Neutrophils: From Granulopoiesis to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps |
| title_sort | autophagy in neutrophils from granulopoiesis to neutrophil extracellular traps |
| topic | autophagy neutrophil granulopoiesis phagocytosis degranulation neutrophil extracellular traps |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcell.2018.00109/full |
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