Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring
High-flavonoid cocoa consumption has been associated with beneficial properties. However, there are scarce data concerning the effects of maternal cocoa intake on dams and in their progeny. Here, we evaluated in rats whether maternal supplementation with a high-flavan-3-ol cocoa extract (CCX) during...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/23/5134 |
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| author | Roger Mariné-Casadó Cristina Domenech-Coca Anna Crescenti Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Gómez Josep Maria Del Bas Lluís Arola Noemí Boqué Antoni Caimari |
| author_facet | Roger Mariné-Casadó Cristina Domenech-Coca Anna Crescenti Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Gómez Josep Maria Del Bas Lluís Arola Noemí Boqué Antoni Caimari |
| author_sort | Roger Mariné-Casadó |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High-flavonoid cocoa consumption has been associated with beneficial properties. However, there are scarce data concerning the effects of maternal cocoa intake on dams and in their progeny. Here, we evaluated in rats whether maternal supplementation with a high-flavan-3-ol cocoa extract (CCX) during lactation (200 mg.kg<sup>−1</sup>.day<sup>−1</sup>) produced beneficial effects on dams and in their normoweight (STD-CCX group) and cafeteria-fed obese (CAF-CCX group) adult male offspring. Maternal intake of CCX significantly increased the circulating levels of adiponectin and decreased the mammary gland lipid content of dams. These effects were accompanied by increased energy expenditure and circulating free fatty acids, as well as by a higher expression of lipogenic and adiponectin-related genes in their mammary glands, which could be related to a compensatory mechanism to ensure enough lipid supply to the pups. CCX consumption programmed both offspring groups towards increased plasma total adiponectin levels, and decreased liver weight and lean/fat ratio. Furthermore, CAF-CCX progeny showed an improvement of the inflammatory profile, evidenced by the significant decrease of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) circulating levels and the mRNA levels of the gene encoding the major histocompatibility complex, class II invariant chain (Cd74), a marker of M1 macrophage phenotype, in the epididymal white adipose tissue. Although further studies are needed, these findings can pave the way for using CCX as a nutraceutical supplement during lactation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:35:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e6f39d746fa4e29975c45d90eb30464 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:35:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e6f39d746fa4e29975c45d90eb304642023-11-24T11:52:52ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-12-011423513410.3390/nu14235134Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat OffspringRoger Mariné-Casadó0Cristina Domenech-Coca1Anna Crescenti2Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Gómez3Josep Maria Del Bas4Lluís Arola5Noemí Boqué6Antoni Caimari7Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, SpainEurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, SpainEurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, SpainEurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, 43204 Reus, SpainEurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, SpainNutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, SpainEurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, SpainEurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, SpainHigh-flavonoid cocoa consumption has been associated with beneficial properties. However, there are scarce data concerning the effects of maternal cocoa intake on dams and in their progeny. Here, we evaluated in rats whether maternal supplementation with a high-flavan-3-ol cocoa extract (CCX) during lactation (200 mg.kg<sup>−1</sup>.day<sup>−1</sup>) produced beneficial effects on dams and in their normoweight (STD-CCX group) and cafeteria-fed obese (CAF-CCX group) adult male offspring. Maternal intake of CCX significantly increased the circulating levels of adiponectin and decreased the mammary gland lipid content of dams. These effects were accompanied by increased energy expenditure and circulating free fatty acids, as well as by a higher expression of lipogenic and adiponectin-related genes in their mammary glands, which could be related to a compensatory mechanism to ensure enough lipid supply to the pups. CCX consumption programmed both offspring groups towards increased plasma total adiponectin levels, and decreased liver weight and lean/fat ratio. Furthermore, CAF-CCX progeny showed an improvement of the inflammatory profile, evidenced by the significant decrease of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) circulating levels and the mRNA levels of the gene encoding the major histocompatibility complex, class II invariant chain (Cd74), a marker of M1 macrophage phenotype, in the epididymal white adipose tissue. Although further studies are needed, these findings can pave the way for using CCX as a nutraceutical supplement during lactation.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/23/5134cocoalactationmaternal metabolismadiponectinmetabolic programmingoffspring |
| spellingShingle | Roger Mariné-Casadó Cristina Domenech-Coca Anna Crescenti Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Gómez Josep Maria Del Bas Lluís Arola Noemí Boqué Antoni Caimari Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring Nutrients cocoa lactation maternal metabolism adiponectin metabolic programming offspring |
| title | Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring |
| title_full | Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring |
| title_fullStr | Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring |
| title_short | Maternal Supplementation with a Cocoa Extract during Lactation Deeply Modulates Dams’ Metabolism, Increases Adiponectin Circulating Levels and Improves the Inflammatory Profile in Obese Rat Offspring |
| title_sort | maternal supplementation with a cocoa extract during lactation deeply modulates dams metabolism increases adiponectin circulating levels and improves the inflammatory profile in obese rat offspring |
| topic | cocoa lactation maternal metabolism adiponectin metabolic programming offspring |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/23/5134 |
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