Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.)
IntroductionThe biology of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is clearly influenced by the climatic conditions of the growing environment, where temperature and light play a major role in modifying plant physiology. In the scenario of climatic changes, radiative excess, correlated to the increase in...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1210574/full |
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| author | Daniele Miccichè Maria Inès de Rosas Massimo Vincenzo Ferro Rosario Di Lorenzo Stefano Puccio Antonino Pisciotta |
| author_facet | Daniele Miccichè Maria Inès de Rosas Massimo Vincenzo Ferro Rosario Di Lorenzo Stefano Puccio Antonino Pisciotta |
| author_sort | Daniele Miccichè |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe biology of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is clearly influenced by the climatic conditions of the growing environment, where temperature and light play a major role in modifying plant physiology. In the scenario of climatic changes, radiative excess, correlated to the increase in temperature, can concretely subject the photosynthetic apparatus to a condition of light saturation and cause a drastic reduction in photochemical efficiency, giving rise to chronic photoinhibition phenomena. Undoubtedly, the ripening behavior also undergo evident alterations; the problem of sugar ripening, which is often strongly accelerated, is induced not only by high temperatures but also by the excess concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), which results in a higher ripening. In addition, high berry temperatures favor a reduction in the concentration of organic acids. The reported trends indicate that the need for urgent action is closely linked to the future environmental impacts that these changes could have on the entire wine sector. In recent years, shade treatments have been applied to the vine canopy to overcome this issue.MethodsThe objective of this study was to determine how artificial canopy shading affects the vines vegetative growth and the ripening processes of Vitis vinifera cv. Nero d’Avola during the 2019-2020 vegetative seasons. Three treatments were established: shading treatment with a green net (shade factor 27%), shading treatment with a white net (shade factor 32%), and untreated vines, thus naturally exposed to light radiation.Results and discussionArtificial shading, applied at full fruit set, interfered with the microclimate of the vines, causing partial effects on the grape ripening processes. At harvest, significant differences were found between the treatments in terms of sugars, also shading treatments increased must acidity and decrease pH. Results obtained on vegetative parameters, suggest that the shading treatment delays leaf fall, with potentially positive effects on the starch accumulation on perennial reserve organs to be exploited at the following season’s sprouting. Shading significantly reduced berry size, with obvious consequences on bunch weight and yield per vine. In 2020, shaded plants showed a delay in all the phenological phases. The total anthocyanins content was not changed by the shading treatment. The results obtained confirm the importance of net coverage on the microclimate of the vines, vegetative-productive activity, and grapes quality. From this point of view, the net covering technique can be a tool for controlling grapes ripening dynamics in the context of climate change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:28:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e6fddd6a23545bbbb17e98858c54a62 |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:28:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6e6fddd6a23545bbbb17e98858c54a622023-09-27T12:40:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-09-011410.3389/fpls.2023.12105741210574Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.)Daniele Miccichè0Maria Inès de Rosas1Massimo Vincenzo Ferro2Rosario Di Lorenzo3Stefano Puccio4Antonino Pisciotta5Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyUniversidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Mendoza, ArgentinaDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyIntroductionThe biology of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is clearly influenced by the climatic conditions of the growing environment, where temperature and light play a major role in modifying plant physiology. In the scenario of climatic changes, radiative excess, correlated to the increase in temperature, can concretely subject the photosynthetic apparatus to a condition of light saturation and cause a drastic reduction in photochemical efficiency, giving rise to chronic photoinhibition phenomena. Undoubtedly, the ripening behavior also undergo evident alterations; the problem of sugar ripening, which is often strongly accelerated, is induced not only by high temperatures but also by the excess concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), which results in a higher ripening. In addition, high berry temperatures favor a reduction in the concentration of organic acids. The reported trends indicate that the need for urgent action is closely linked to the future environmental impacts that these changes could have on the entire wine sector. In recent years, shade treatments have been applied to the vine canopy to overcome this issue.MethodsThe objective of this study was to determine how artificial canopy shading affects the vines vegetative growth and the ripening processes of Vitis vinifera cv. Nero d’Avola during the 2019-2020 vegetative seasons. Three treatments were established: shading treatment with a green net (shade factor 27%), shading treatment with a white net (shade factor 32%), and untreated vines, thus naturally exposed to light radiation.Results and discussionArtificial shading, applied at full fruit set, interfered with the microclimate of the vines, causing partial effects on the grape ripening processes. At harvest, significant differences were found between the treatments in terms of sugars, also shading treatments increased must acidity and decrease pH. Results obtained on vegetative parameters, suggest that the shading treatment delays leaf fall, with potentially positive effects on the starch accumulation on perennial reserve organs to be exploited at the following season’s sprouting. Shading significantly reduced berry size, with obvious consequences on bunch weight and yield per vine. In 2020, shaded plants showed a delay in all the phenological phases. The total anthocyanins content was not changed by the shading treatment. The results obtained confirm the importance of net coverage on the microclimate of the vines, vegetative-productive activity, and grapes quality. From this point of view, the net covering technique can be a tool for controlling grapes ripening dynamics in the context of climate change.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1210574/fullshadinggrapevineberry compositionVitis viniferaberry developmentclimate change |
| spellingShingle | Daniele Miccichè Maria Inès de Rosas Massimo Vincenzo Ferro Rosario Di Lorenzo Stefano Puccio Antonino Pisciotta Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.) Frontiers in Plant Science shading grapevine berry composition Vitis vinifera berry development climate change |
| title | Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.) |
| title_full | Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.) |
| title_short | Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.) |
| title_sort | effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv nero d avola vitis vinifera l |
| topic | shading grapevine berry composition Vitis vinifera berry development climate change |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1210574/full |
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