The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima
Marine diatoms are one of the marine phytoplankton functional groups, with high species diversity, playing important roles in the marine food web and carbon sequestration. In order to evaluate the species-specific responses of coastal diatoms to the combined effects of future ocean acidification (OA...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.851149/full |
| _version_ | 1818249166961246208 |
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| author | Ting Cai Ting Cai Yuanyuan Feng Yuanyuan Feng Yanan Wang Tongtong Li Jiancai Wang Wei Li Weihua Zhou Weihua Zhou Weihua Zhou |
| author_facet | Ting Cai Ting Cai Yuanyuan Feng Yuanyuan Feng Yanan Wang Tongtong Li Jiancai Wang Wei Li Weihua Zhou Weihua Zhou Weihua Zhou |
| author_sort | Ting Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine diatoms are one of the marine phytoplankton functional groups, with high species diversity, playing important roles in the marine food web and carbon sequestration. In order to evaluate the species-specific responses of coastal diatoms to the combined effects of future ocean acidification (OA) and warming on the coastal diatoms, we conducted a semi-continuous incubation on the large centric diatom Thalassiosira sp. (~30 μm) and small pennate diatom Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima (~15 μm). A full factorial combination of two temperature levels (15 and 20°C) and pCO2 (400 and 1,000 ppm) was examined. The results suggest that changes in temperature played a more important role in regulating the physiology of Thalassiosira sp. and N. closterium f.minutissima than CO2. For Thalassiosira sp., elevated temperature significantly reduced the cellular particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate organic nitrogen (PON), particulate organic phosphate (POP), biogenic silica (BSi), chlorophyll a (Chl a), and protein contents, and the C:N ratio. CO2 only had significant effects on the growth rate and the protein content. However, for the smaller pennate diatom N. closterium f.minutissima, the growth rate, POC production rate, and the C:P ratio significantly increased with an elevated temperature, whereas the cellular POP and BSi contents significantly decreased. CO2 had significant effects on the POC production rate, cellular BSi, POC, and PON contents, the C:P, Si:C, N:P, and Si:P ratios, and sinking rate. The interaction between OA and warming showed mostly antagonistic effects on the physiology of both species. Overall, by comparison between the two species, CO2 played a more significant role in regulating the growth rate and sinking rate of the large centric diatom Thalassiosira sp., whereas had more significant effects on the elemental compositions of the smaller pennate diatom N. closterium f.minutissima. These results suggest differential sensitivities of different diatom species with different sizes and morphology to the changes in CO2/temperature regimes and their interactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T15:32:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e7ea67218444ebc82515eec78c84a31 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T15:32:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e7ea67218444ebc82515eec78c84a312022-12-22T00:20:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-06-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.851149851149The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissimaTing Cai0Ting Cai1Yuanyuan Feng2Yuanyuan Feng3Yanan Wang4Tongtong Li5Jiancai Wang6Wei Li7Weihua Zhou8Weihua Zhou9Weihua Zhou10School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Polar Science, Shanghai, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, ChinaCollege of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, ChinaSanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station and Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, ChinaMarine diatoms are one of the marine phytoplankton functional groups, with high species diversity, playing important roles in the marine food web and carbon sequestration. In order to evaluate the species-specific responses of coastal diatoms to the combined effects of future ocean acidification (OA) and warming on the coastal diatoms, we conducted a semi-continuous incubation on the large centric diatom Thalassiosira sp. (~30 μm) and small pennate diatom Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima (~15 μm). A full factorial combination of two temperature levels (15 and 20°C) and pCO2 (400 and 1,000 ppm) was examined. The results suggest that changes in temperature played a more important role in regulating the physiology of Thalassiosira sp. and N. closterium f.minutissima than CO2. For Thalassiosira sp., elevated temperature significantly reduced the cellular particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate organic nitrogen (PON), particulate organic phosphate (POP), biogenic silica (BSi), chlorophyll a (Chl a), and protein contents, and the C:N ratio. CO2 only had significant effects on the growth rate and the protein content. However, for the smaller pennate diatom N. closterium f.minutissima, the growth rate, POC production rate, and the C:P ratio significantly increased with an elevated temperature, whereas the cellular POP and BSi contents significantly decreased. CO2 had significant effects on the POC production rate, cellular BSi, POC, and PON contents, the C:P, Si:C, N:P, and Si:P ratios, and sinking rate. The interaction between OA and warming showed mostly antagonistic effects on the physiology of both species. Overall, by comparison between the two species, CO2 played a more significant role in regulating the growth rate and sinking rate of the large centric diatom Thalassiosira sp., whereas had more significant effects on the elemental compositions of the smaller pennate diatom N. closterium f.minutissima. These results suggest differential sensitivities of different diatom species with different sizes and morphology to the changes in CO2/temperature regimes and their interactions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.851149/fullocean acidificationwarmingdiatomssinking ratebiogeochemistry |
| spellingShingle | Ting Cai Ting Cai Yuanyuan Feng Yuanyuan Feng Yanan Wang Tongtong Li Jiancai Wang Wei Li Weihua Zhou Weihua Zhou Weihua Zhou The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima Frontiers in Microbiology ocean acidification warming diatoms sinking rate biogeochemistry |
| title | The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima |
| title_full | The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima |
| title_fullStr | The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima |
| title_short | The Differential Responses of Coastal Diatoms to Ocean Acidification and Warming: A Comparison Between Thalassiosira sp. and Nitzschia closterium f.minutissima |
| title_sort | differential responses of coastal diatoms to ocean acidification and warming a comparison between thalassiosira sp and nitzschia closterium f minutissima |
| topic | ocean acidification warming diatoms sinking rate biogeochemistry |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.851149/full |
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