Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study.
<h4>Background</h4>A year after the COVID-19 pandemic started, there are still few scientific reports on COVID-19 in Africa. This study explores the clinical profiles and factors associated with COVID-19 in Cameroon.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>In this prospective cohort stu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251504 |
| _version_ | 1819138031204958208 |
|---|---|
| author | Nicole Fouda Mbarga Emilienne Epee Marcel Mbarga Patrick Ouamba Herwin Nanda Aristide Nkengni Joseph Guekeme Justin Eyong Sylvie Tossoukpe Sauvia Noumedem Sosso Engelbert Ngono Ngono Lazare Mbala Ntsama Landry Bonyomo Patrick Tchatchoua Noel Vogue Steve Metomb Franck Ale Moussa Ousman Dorian Job Charlotte Moussi Modeste Tamakloe Jessica E Haberer Sylvester Ndeso Atanga Gregory Halle-Ekane Yap Boum |
| author_facet | Nicole Fouda Mbarga Emilienne Epee Marcel Mbarga Patrick Ouamba Herwin Nanda Aristide Nkengni Joseph Guekeme Justin Eyong Sylvie Tossoukpe Sauvia Noumedem Sosso Engelbert Ngono Ngono Lazare Mbala Ntsama Landry Bonyomo Patrick Tchatchoua Noel Vogue Steve Metomb Franck Ale Moussa Ousman Dorian Job Charlotte Moussi Modeste Tamakloe Jessica E Haberer Sylvester Ndeso Atanga Gregory Halle-Ekane Yap Boum |
| author_sort | Nicole Fouda Mbarga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>A year after the COVID-19 pandemic started, there are still few scientific reports on COVID-19 in Africa. This study explores the clinical profiles and factors associated with COVID-19 in Cameroon.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>In this prospective cohort study, we followed patients admitted for suspicion of COVID-19 at Djoungolo Hospital between 01st April and 31st July 2020. Patients were categorised by age groups and disease severity: mild (symptomatic without clinical signs of pneumonia), moderate (with clinical signs of pneumonia without respiratory distress) and severe cases (clinical signs of pneumonia and respiratory distress not requiring invasive ventilation). Demographic information and clinical features were summarised. Multivariable analysis was performed to predict risk.<h4>Findings</h4>A total of 313 patients were admitted during the study period; 259 were confirmed cases of COVID-19 by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Among the confirmed cases, the male group aged 40 to 49 years (13.9%) was predominant. Disease severity ranged from mild (26.2%; n = 68) to moderate (59%; n = 153) to severe (14.7%; n = 38); the case fatality rate was 1% (n = 4). Dysgusia (46%; n = 119) and hyposmia/anosmia (37.8%; n = 98) were common features of COVID-19. Nearly one-third of patients had comorbidities (29%; n = 53), of which hypertension was the most common (18.9%; n = 49). Participation in mass gatherings (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.37; P = 0.03) and dysgusia (OR = 2.09, P = 0.02) were predictive of diagnosis of COVID-19. Age groups 60 to 69 (OR = 7.41; P = 0.0001), 50 to 59 (OR = 4.09; P = 0.03), 40 to 49 (OR = 4.54; P = 0.01), male gender (OR = 2.53; P = 0.04), diabetes (OR = 4.05; P = 0.01), HIV infection (OR = 5.57; P = 0.03), lung disease (OR = 6.29; P = 0.01), dyspnoea (OR = 3.70; P = 0.008) and fatigue (OR = 3.35; P = 0.02) significantly predicted COVID-19 severity.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Most COVID-19 cases in this study were benign with low fatality. Age (40-70), male gender, HIV infection, lung disease, dyspnoea and fatigue are associated with severe COVID-19. Such findings may guide public health decision-making. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:00:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e8471f0afa04a5c8b011180644fce19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:00:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e8471f0afa04a5c8b011180644fce192022-12-21T18:28:31ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01165e025150410.1371/journal.pone.0251504Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study.Nicole Fouda MbargaEmilienne EpeeMarcel MbargaPatrick OuambaHerwin NandaAristide NkengniJoseph GuekemeJustin EyongSylvie TossoukpeSauvia Noumedem SossoEngelbert Ngono NgonoLazare Mbala NtsamaLandry BonyomoPatrick TchatchouaNoel VogueSteve MetombFranck AleMoussa OusmanDorian JobCharlotte MoussiModeste TamakloeJessica E HabererSylvester Ndeso AtangaGregory Halle-EkaneYap Boum<h4>Background</h4>A year after the COVID-19 pandemic started, there are still few scientific reports on COVID-19 in Africa. This study explores the clinical profiles and factors associated with COVID-19 in Cameroon.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>In this prospective cohort study, we followed patients admitted for suspicion of COVID-19 at Djoungolo Hospital between 01st April and 31st July 2020. Patients were categorised by age groups and disease severity: mild (symptomatic without clinical signs of pneumonia), moderate (with clinical signs of pneumonia without respiratory distress) and severe cases (clinical signs of pneumonia and respiratory distress not requiring invasive ventilation). Demographic information and clinical features were summarised. Multivariable analysis was performed to predict risk.<h4>Findings</h4>A total of 313 patients were admitted during the study period; 259 were confirmed cases of COVID-19 by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Among the confirmed cases, the male group aged 40 to 49 years (13.9%) was predominant. Disease severity ranged from mild (26.2%; n = 68) to moderate (59%; n = 153) to severe (14.7%; n = 38); the case fatality rate was 1% (n = 4). Dysgusia (46%; n = 119) and hyposmia/anosmia (37.8%; n = 98) were common features of COVID-19. Nearly one-third of patients had comorbidities (29%; n = 53), of which hypertension was the most common (18.9%; n = 49). Participation in mass gatherings (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.37; P = 0.03) and dysgusia (OR = 2.09, P = 0.02) were predictive of diagnosis of COVID-19. Age groups 60 to 69 (OR = 7.41; P = 0.0001), 50 to 59 (OR = 4.09; P = 0.03), 40 to 49 (OR = 4.54; P = 0.01), male gender (OR = 2.53; P = 0.04), diabetes (OR = 4.05; P = 0.01), HIV infection (OR = 5.57; P = 0.03), lung disease (OR = 6.29; P = 0.01), dyspnoea (OR = 3.70; P = 0.008) and fatigue (OR = 3.35; P = 0.02) significantly predicted COVID-19 severity.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Most COVID-19 cases in this study were benign with low fatality. Age (40-70), male gender, HIV infection, lung disease, dyspnoea and fatigue are associated with severe COVID-19. Such findings may guide public health decision-making.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251504 |
| spellingShingle | Nicole Fouda Mbarga Emilienne Epee Marcel Mbarga Patrick Ouamba Herwin Nanda Aristide Nkengni Joseph Guekeme Justin Eyong Sylvie Tossoukpe Sauvia Noumedem Sosso Engelbert Ngono Ngono Lazare Mbala Ntsama Landry Bonyomo Patrick Tchatchoua Noel Vogue Steve Metomb Franck Ale Moussa Ousman Dorian Job Charlotte Moussi Modeste Tamakloe Jessica E Haberer Sylvester Ndeso Atanga Gregory Halle-Ekane Yap Boum Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study. PLoS ONE |
| title | Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study. |
| title_full | Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study. |
| title_fullStr | Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study. |
| title_short | Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study. |
| title_sort | clinical profile and factors associated with covid 19 in yaounde cameroon a prospective cohort study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251504 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nicolefoudambarga clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT emilienneepee clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT marcelmbarga clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT patrickouamba clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT herwinnanda clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT aristidenkengni clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT josephguekeme clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT justineyong clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT sylvietossoukpe clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT sauvianoumedemsosso clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT engelbertngonongono clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT lazarembalantsama clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT landrybonyomo clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT patricktchatchoua clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT noelvogue clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT stevemetomb clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT franckale clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT moussaousman clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT dorianjob clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT charlottemoussi clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT modestetamakloe clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT jessicaehaberer clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT sylvesterndesoatanga clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT gregoryhalleekane clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy AT yapboum clinicalprofileandfactorsassociatedwithcovid19inyaoundecameroonaprospectivecohortstudy |