Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila
Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders and affect 2-3% of the population. Rapid advances in exome and genome sequencing have increased the number of known implicated genes by threefold, to more than a thousand. The ma...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Company of Biologists
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Disease Models & Mechanisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dmm.biologists.org/content/12/5/dmm039180 |
| _version_ | 1828429594879852544 |
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| author | Mireia Coll-Tané Alina Krebbers Anna Castells-Nobau Christiane Zweier Annette Schenck |
| author_facet | Mireia Coll-Tané Alina Krebbers Anna Castells-Nobau Christiane Zweier Annette Schenck |
| author_sort | Mireia Coll-Tané |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders and affect 2-3% of the population. Rapid advances in exome and genome sequencing have increased the number of known implicated genes by threefold, to more than a thousand. The main challenges in the field are now to understand the various pathomechanisms associated with this bewildering number of genetic disorders, to identify new genes and to establish causality of variants in still-undiagnosed cases, and to work towards causal treatment options that so far are available only for a few metabolic conditions. To meet these challenges, the research community needs highly efficient model systems. With an increasing number of relevant assays and rapidly developing novel methodologies, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is ideally positioned to change gear in ID and ASD research. The aim of this Review is to summarize some of the exciting work that already has drawn attention to Drosophila as a model for these disorders. We highlight well-established ID- and ASD-relevant fly phenotypes at the (sub)cellular, brain and behavioral levels, and discuss strategies of how this extraordinarily efficient and versatile model can contribute to ‘next generation’ medical genomics and to a better understanding of these disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T17:36:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e8ad1436fdf40f8b823ea71ae53b33a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1754-8403 1754-8411 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T17:36:33Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | The Company of Biologists |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Disease Models & Mechanisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e8ad1436fdf40f8b823ea71ae53b33a2022-12-22T01:39:31ZengThe Company of BiologistsDisease Models & Mechanisms1754-84031754-84112019-05-0112510.1242/dmm.039180039180Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from DrosophilaMireia Coll-Tané0Alina Krebbers1Anna Castells-Nobau2Christiane Zweier3Annette Schenck4 Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders and affect 2-3% of the population. Rapid advances in exome and genome sequencing have increased the number of known implicated genes by threefold, to more than a thousand. The main challenges in the field are now to understand the various pathomechanisms associated with this bewildering number of genetic disorders, to identify new genes and to establish causality of variants in still-undiagnosed cases, and to work towards causal treatment options that so far are available only for a few metabolic conditions. To meet these challenges, the research community needs highly efficient model systems. With an increasing number of relevant assays and rapidly developing novel methodologies, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is ideally positioned to change gear in ID and ASD research. The aim of this Review is to summarize some of the exciting work that already has drawn attention to Drosophila as a model for these disorders. We highlight well-established ID- and ASD-relevant fly phenotypes at the (sub)cellular, brain and behavioral levels, and discuss strategies of how this extraordinarily efficient and versatile model can contribute to ‘next generation’ medical genomics and to a better understanding of these disorders.http://dmm.biologists.org/content/12/5/dmm039180NeurodevelopmentASDIDDrosophilaFruit flyBrain |
| spellingShingle | Mireia Coll-Tané Alina Krebbers Anna Castells-Nobau Christiane Zweier Annette Schenck Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila Disease Models & Mechanisms Neurodevelopment ASD ID Drosophila Fruit fly Brain |
| title | Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila |
| title_full | Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila |
| title_fullStr | Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila |
| title_short | Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ‘on the fly’: insights from Drosophila |
| title_sort | intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders on the fly insights from drosophila |
| topic | Neurodevelopment ASD ID Drosophila Fruit fly Brain |
| url | http://dmm.biologists.org/content/12/5/dmm039180 |
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