Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask
In this paper, we demonstrate a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with a wide range and a comb with continuous cladding mode resonances inscribed in non-photosensitive single mode fibers using a femtosecond laser and a phase mask. The FBG is inscribed in the core and cladding, exciting a series of cladding...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7004 |
| _version_ | 1797545450243358720 |
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| author | Weijia Bao Shen Liu Wenjie Feng Yiping Wang |
| author_facet | Weijia Bao Shen Liu Wenjie Feng Yiping Wang |
| author_sort | Weijia Bao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we demonstrate a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with a wide range and a comb with continuous cladding mode resonances inscribed in non-photosensitive single mode fibers using a femtosecond laser and a phase mask. The FBG is inscribed in the core and cladding, exciting a series of cladding modes in transmission. The birefringence induced by this FBG structure offers significant polarization-dependence for cladding modes, thus allowing the vector fiber twist to be perceived. By measuring the peak-to-peak differential intensity of orthogonally polarized cladding mode resonances, the proposed sensor presents totally opposite intensity response in the anticlockwise direction for the torsion angle ranging from −45° to 45°. The cladding mode comb approximately covers wavelengths over the O-, E-, S-, and C-bands in transmission. The cutoff cladding mode of air can be observed in the spectrum. Thus, the sensible refractive index range is estimated to be from 1.00 to 1.44. Temperature responsivity of the grating is also characterized. The proposed device potentially provides new solutions to the various challenges of physical vector and bio-chemical parameters sensing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:15:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e8ba43a9d944d7f81839e2abca05244 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:15:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e8ba43a9d944d7f81839e2abca052442023-11-20T23:50:34ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202020-12-012024700410.3390/s20247004Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase MaskWeijia Bao0Shen Liu1Wenjie Feng2Yiping Wang3Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaShenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaDepartment of Communication Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaShenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaIn this paper, we demonstrate a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with a wide range and a comb with continuous cladding mode resonances inscribed in non-photosensitive single mode fibers using a femtosecond laser and a phase mask. The FBG is inscribed in the core and cladding, exciting a series of cladding modes in transmission. The birefringence induced by this FBG structure offers significant polarization-dependence for cladding modes, thus allowing the vector fiber twist to be perceived. By measuring the peak-to-peak differential intensity of orthogonally polarized cladding mode resonances, the proposed sensor presents totally opposite intensity response in the anticlockwise direction for the torsion angle ranging from −45° to 45°. The cladding mode comb approximately covers wavelengths over the O-, E-, S-, and C-bands in transmission. The cutoff cladding mode of air can be observed in the spectrum. Thus, the sensible refractive index range is estimated to be from 1.00 to 1.44. Temperature responsivity of the grating is also characterized. The proposed device potentially provides new solutions to the various challenges of physical vector and bio-chemical parameters sensing.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7004fiber Bragg grating (FBG)fiber cladding modefemtosecond laser inscription |
| spellingShingle | Weijia Bao Shen Liu Wenjie Feng Yiping Wang Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask Sensors fiber Bragg grating (FBG) fiber cladding mode femtosecond laser inscription |
| title | Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask |
| title_full | Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask |
| title_fullStr | Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask |
| title_short | Fiber Bragg Grating with Enhanced Cladding Modes Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser and a Phase Mask |
| title_sort | fiber bragg grating with enhanced cladding modes inscribed by femtosecond laser and a phase mask |
| topic | fiber Bragg grating (FBG) fiber cladding mode femtosecond laser inscription |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7004 |
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