Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus
Abstract Nipah virus (NiV), an emerging zoonotic pathogen in Southeast Asia, is transmitted from Pteropus species of fruit bats to a wide range of species, including humans, pigs, horses, dogs, and cats. NiV has killed millions of animals and caused highly fatal human outbreaks since no vaccine is c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38010-2 |
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| author | Emily S. Medina-Magües Jaime Lopera-Madrid Michael K. Lo Christina F. Spiropoulou Joel M. Montgomery Lex G. Medina-Magües Cristhian Salas-Quinchucua Angela P. Jiménez-Mora Jorge E. Osorio |
| author_facet | Emily S. Medina-Magües Jaime Lopera-Madrid Michael K. Lo Christina F. Spiropoulou Joel M. Montgomery Lex G. Medina-Magües Cristhian Salas-Quinchucua Angela P. Jiménez-Mora Jorge E. Osorio |
| author_sort | Emily S. Medina-Magües |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Nipah virus (NiV), an emerging zoonotic pathogen in Southeast Asia, is transmitted from Pteropus species of fruit bats to a wide range of species, including humans, pigs, horses, dogs, and cats. NiV has killed millions of animals and caused highly fatal human outbreaks since no vaccine is commercially available. This study characterized the immunogenicity and safety of poxvirus-based Nipah vaccines that can be used in humans and species responsible for NiV transmission. Mice were vaccinated with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) and raccoon pox (RCN) viral vectors expressing the NiV fusion (F) and glycoprotein (G) proteins subcutaneously (SC) and intranasally (IN). Importantly, both vaccines did not induce significant weight loss or clinical signs of disease while generating high circulating neutralizing antibodies and lung-specific IgG and IgA responses. The MVA vaccine saw high phenotypic expression of effector and tissue resident memory CD8ɑ+ T cells in lungs and splenocytes along with the expression of central memory CD8ɑ+ T cells in lungs. The RCN vaccine generated effector memory (SC) and tissue resident (IN) CD8ɑ+ T cells in splenocytes and tissue resident (IN) CD8ɑ+ T cells in lung cells. These findings support MVA-FG and RCN-FG viral vectors as promising vaccine candidates to protect humans, domestic animals, and wildlife from fatal disease outcomes and to reduce the global threat of NiV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:23:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6e9710fa46a148618b915487e83aa255 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:23:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-6e9710fa46a148618b915487e83aa2552023-07-16T11:17:17ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-07-0113111510.1038/s41598-023-38010-2Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virusEmily S. Medina-Magües0Jaime Lopera-Madrid1Michael K. Lo2Christina F. Spiropoulou3Joel M. Montgomery4Lex G. Medina-Magües5Cristhian Salas-Quinchucua6Angela P. Jiménez-Mora7Jorge E. Osorio8Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of WisconsinDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of WisconsinCenter for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of WisconsinDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of WisconsinDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of WisconsinDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of WisconsinAbstract Nipah virus (NiV), an emerging zoonotic pathogen in Southeast Asia, is transmitted from Pteropus species of fruit bats to a wide range of species, including humans, pigs, horses, dogs, and cats. NiV has killed millions of animals and caused highly fatal human outbreaks since no vaccine is commercially available. This study characterized the immunogenicity and safety of poxvirus-based Nipah vaccines that can be used in humans and species responsible for NiV transmission. Mice were vaccinated with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) and raccoon pox (RCN) viral vectors expressing the NiV fusion (F) and glycoprotein (G) proteins subcutaneously (SC) and intranasally (IN). Importantly, both vaccines did not induce significant weight loss or clinical signs of disease while generating high circulating neutralizing antibodies and lung-specific IgG and IgA responses. The MVA vaccine saw high phenotypic expression of effector and tissue resident memory CD8ɑ+ T cells in lungs and splenocytes along with the expression of central memory CD8ɑ+ T cells in lungs. The RCN vaccine generated effector memory (SC) and tissue resident (IN) CD8ɑ+ T cells in splenocytes and tissue resident (IN) CD8ɑ+ T cells in lung cells. These findings support MVA-FG and RCN-FG viral vectors as promising vaccine candidates to protect humans, domestic animals, and wildlife from fatal disease outcomes and to reduce the global threat of NiV.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38010-2 |
| spellingShingle | Emily S. Medina-Magües Jaime Lopera-Madrid Michael K. Lo Christina F. Spiropoulou Joel M. Montgomery Lex G. Medina-Magües Cristhian Salas-Quinchucua Angela P. Jiménez-Mora Jorge E. Osorio Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus Scientific Reports |
| title | Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus |
| title_full | Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus |
| title_fullStr | Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus |
| title_short | Immunogenicity of poxvirus-based vaccines against Nipah virus |
| title_sort | immunogenicity of poxvirus based vaccines against nipah virus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38010-2 |
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