Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp.
Leucocytozoon sabrazesi is an intracellular haemoprotozoan parasite responsible for leucocytozoonosis, which is transmitted by insect vectors and affects chickens in tropical and subtropical areas in many countries. It causes huge economic losses due to decreased meat and egg production. In the pres...
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EDP Sciences
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Parasite |
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| Online Access: | https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2022/01/parasite210147/parasite210147.html |
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| author | Nooroong Pornpiroon Watthanadirek Amaya Minsakorn Sutthida Poolsawat Napassorn Junsiri Witchuta Srionrod Nitipon Sangchuai Siriphan Chawengkirttikul Runglawan Anuracpreeda Panat |
| author_facet | Nooroong Pornpiroon Watthanadirek Amaya Minsakorn Sutthida Poolsawat Napassorn Junsiri Witchuta Srionrod Nitipon Sangchuai Siriphan Chawengkirttikul Runglawan Anuracpreeda Panat |
| author_sort | Nooroong Pornpiroon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leucocytozoon sabrazesi is an intracellular haemoprotozoan parasite responsible for leucocytozoonosis, which is transmitted by insect vectors and affects chickens in tropical and subtropical areas in many countries. It causes huge economic losses due to decreased meat and egg production. In the present study, we used nested PCR to determine the genetic diversity of L. sabrazesi based on the cytb, coxI, coxIII and concatenated genes in chickens in Thailand. In addition, we found co-infections between L. sabrazesi and Plasmodium spp. (P. gallinaceum or P. juxtanucleare) in chickens that were not identified by microscopic examination of blood smears. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. sabrazesi cytb and coxIII genes were conserved with similarity ranging from 99.9 to 100% and 98 to 100%, respectively whereas the coxI gene was diverse, with similarities ranging from 97 to 100%. These findings ascertained the nucleotide analysis of the cytb, coxI, coxIII and concatenated sequences in which 4, 8, 10 and 9 haplotypes were found, respectively. In addition, it was found that the large number of synonymous substitutions and conservative amino acid replacements in these mitochondrial genes occurred by non-synonymous substitution. The evolutionary analysis of the Ka/Ks ratio supported purifying selection and the negative values of both Fu’s Fs and Tajima’s D indicate selective sweep especially for the coxI gene. The entropy and Simplot analysis showed that the genetic variation in populations of Plasmodium spp. was higher than in Leucocytozoon. Hence, the nucleotide sequences of three mitochondrial genes could reflect the evolutionary analysis and geographic distribution of this protozoan population that switches hosts during its life cycle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:21:56Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1776-1042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:21:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6e988d4b013543dd9ac2f435e5dfe9d62023-12-03T07:18:32ZengEDP SciencesParasite1776-10422022-01-01292210.1051/parasite/2022022parasite210147Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp.Nooroong Pornpiroon0Watthanadirek Amaya1Minsakorn Sutthida2Poolsawat Napassorn3Junsiri Witchuta4Srionrod Nitipon5Sangchuai Siriphan6Chawengkirttikul Runglawan7Anuracpreeda Panat8Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol UniversityParasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol UniversityLeucocytozoon sabrazesi is an intracellular haemoprotozoan parasite responsible for leucocytozoonosis, which is transmitted by insect vectors and affects chickens in tropical and subtropical areas in many countries. It causes huge economic losses due to decreased meat and egg production. In the present study, we used nested PCR to determine the genetic diversity of L. sabrazesi based on the cytb, coxI, coxIII and concatenated genes in chickens in Thailand. In addition, we found co-infections between L. sabrazesi and Plasmodium spp. (P. gallinaceum or P. juxtanucleare) in chickens that were not identified by microscopic examination of blood smears. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. sabrazesi cytb and coxIII genes were conserved with similarity ranging from 99.9 to 100% and 98 to 100%, respectively whereas the coxI gene was diverse, with similarities ranging from 97 to 100%. These findings ascertained the nucleotide analysis of the cytb, coxI, coxIII and concatenated sequences in which 4, 8, 10 and 9 haplotypes were found, respectively. In addition, it was found that the large number of synonymous substitutions and conservative amino acid replacements in these mitochondrial genes occurred by non-synonymous substitution. The evolutionary analysis of the Ka/Ks ratio supported purifying selection and the negative values of both Fu’s Fs and Tajima’s D indicate selective sweep especially for the coxI gene. The entropy and Simplot analysis showed that the genetic variation in populations of Plasmodium spp. was higher than in Leucocytozoon. Hence, the nucleotide sequences of three mitochondrial genes could reflect the evolutionary analysis and geographic distribution of this protozoan population that switches hosts during its life cycle.https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2022/01/parasite210147/parasite210147.htmlleucocytozoon sabrazesiplasmodium spp.co-infectionmitochondrial genesgenetic diversitychickensthailand |
| spellingShingle | Nooroong Pornpiroon Watthanadirek Amaya Minsakorn Sutthida Poolsawat Napassorn Junsiri Witchuta Srionrod Nitipon Sangchuai Siriphan Chawengkirttikul Runglawan Anuracpreeda Panat Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp. Parasite leucocytozoon sabrazesi plasmodium spp. co-infection mitochondrial genes genetic diversity chickens thailand |
| title | Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp. |
| title_full | Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp. |
| title_fullStr | Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp. |
| title_short | Molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of Leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb, coxI and coxIII and co-infection of Plasmodium spp. |
| title_sort | molecular genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis of leucocytozoon sabrazesi based on the mitochondrial genes cytb coxi and coxiii and co infection of plasmodium spp |
| topic | leucocytozoon sabrazesi plasmodium spp. co-infection mitochondrial genes genetic diversity chickens thailand |
| url | https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2022/01/parasite210147/parasite210147.html |
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