Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks
Aging is a universal process that can cause diminished function of organs and various diseases. The most striking consequences of aging can be seen visibly on the skin, which acts as a barrier against various external insults. Aging of the skin consists of intrinsic and extrinsic processes that work...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Life |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2142 |
| _version_ | 1797456659248840704 |
|---|---|
| author | Kamarul Ariffin Khalid Ahmad Faris Mohd Nawi Nuraqilah Zulkifli Md. Abul Barkat Hazrina Hadi |
| author_facet | Kamarul Ariffin Khalid Ahmad Faris Mohd Nawi Nuraqilah Zulkifli Md. Abul Barkat Hazrina Hadi |
| author_sort | Kamarul Ariffin Khalid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aging is a universal process that can cause diminished function of organs and various diseases. The most striking consequences of aging can be seen visibly on the skin, which acts as a barrier against various external insults. Aging of the skin consists of intrinsic and extrinsic processes that work in concert and influence each other. Intrinsic aging involves biochemical degenerative processes that gradually takes place with age. Extrinsic aging are biochemical processes driven by external influences that lead to aging. There are significant morphological changes at all levels in aged skin that have a profound effect on the characteristics of the skin. Even though skin is subjected to damage by external insults, it is equipped with a healing capability in order to restore its normal structure and function. However, aging has a significant impact on the skin’s healing function by prolonging the inflammatory phase and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This shifts the healing process towards having more protein degradation, which can lead to chronic wound healing with an abundance of complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:11:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ea5dc86b296416a935f63a566387f1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:11:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ea5dc86b296416a935f63a566387f1b2023-11-24T16:14:17ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-12-011212214210.3390/life12122142Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological HallmarksKamarul Ariffin Khalid0Ahmad Faris Mohd Nawi1Nuraqilah Zulkifli2Md. Abul Barkat3Hazrina Hadi4Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology & Rehabilitation, Kulliyyah of Medicine, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaDermatopharmaceutics Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaDermatopharmaceutics Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi ArabiaDermatopharmaceutics Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaAging is a universal process that can cause diminished function of organs and various diseases. The most striking consequences of aging can be seen visibly on the skin, which acts as a barrier against various external insults. Aging of the skin consists of intrinsic and extrinsic processes that work in concert and influence each other. Intrinsic aging involves biochemical degenerative processes that gradually takes place with age. Extrinsic aging are biochemical processes driven by external influences that lead to aging. There are significant morphological changes at all levels in aged skin that have a profound effect on the characteristics of the skin. Even though skin is subjected to damage by external insults, it is equipped with a healing capability in order to restore its normal structure and function. However, aging has a significant impact on the skin’s healing function by prolonging the inflammatory phase and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This shifts the healing process towards having more protein degradation, which can lead to chronic wound healing with an abundance of complications.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2142intrinsic agingextrinsic agingwound healingaged skin |
| spellingShingle | Kamarul Ariffin Khalid Ahmad Faris Mohd Nawi Nuraqilah Zulkifli Md. Abul Barkat Hazrina Hadi Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks Life intrinsic aging extrinsic aging wound healing aged skin |
| title | Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks |
| title_full | Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks |
| title_fullStr | Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks |
| title_short | Aging and Wound Healing of the Skin: A Review of Clinical and Pathophysiological Hallmarks |
| title_sort | aging and wound healing of the skin a review of clinical and pathophysiological hallmarks |
| topic | intrinsic aging extrinsic aging wound healing aged skin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/12/2142 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kamarulariffinkhalid agingandwoundhealingoftheskinareviewofclinicalandpathophysiologicalhallmarks AT ahmadfarismohdnawi agingandwoundhealingoftheskinareviewofclinicalandpathophysiologicalhallmarks AT nuraqilahzulkifli agingandwoundhealingoftheskinareviewofclinicalandpathophysiologicalhallmarks AT mdabulbarkat agingandwoundhealingoftheskinareviewofclinicalandpathophysiologicalhallmarks AT hazrinahadi agingandwoundhealingoftheskinareviewofclinicalandpathophysiologicalhallmarks |