Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review
A literature review of up-to-date methods to strengthen Ti/carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) hybrid joints is given. However, there are little or no studies on Ti/CFRP joints by carbon fiber plug insert, which takes advantage of the extremely high surface adhesion area of ~6 μm CFs. Therefore,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3220 |
| _version_ | 1797504008729919488 |
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| author | Michael C. Faudree Helmut Takahiro Uchida Hideki Kimura Satoru Kaneko Michelle Salvia Yoshitake Nishi |
| author_facet | Michael C. Faudree Helmut Takahiro Uchida Hideki Kimura Satoru Kaneko Michelle Salvia Yoshitake Nishi |
| author_sort | Michael C. Faudree |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A literature review of up-to-date methods to strengthen Ti/carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) hybrid joints is given. However, there are little or no studies on Ti/CFRP joints by carbon fiber plug insert, which takes advantage of the extremely high surface adhesion area of ~6 μm CFs. Therefore, we cover the current status and review our previously published results developing hybrid joints by a CF plug insert with spot-welded Ti half-lengths to enhance the safety levels of aircraft fan blades. A thermoset Ti/CF/epoxy joint exhibited an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 283 MPa when calculated according to the rule of mixtures (RM) for the CF cross-section portion. With concern for the environment, thermoplastic polymers (TPs) allowed recyclability. However, a drawback is easy CF pull-out from difficult-to-adhere TPs due to insufficient contact sites. Therefore, research on a novel method of homogeneous low voltage electron beam irradiation (HLEBI) to activate a bare CF half-length prior to dipping in a TP resin was reviewed and showed that the UTS by the RM of Ti/<b>EB</b>CF/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Ti/<b>EB</b>CF/polycarbonate (PC) joints increased 154% (from 55 to 140 MPa) and 829% (from 30 to 195 MPa), respectively, over the untreated sample. The optimum 0.30 MGy HLEBI prevented CF pull-out by apparently growing crystallites into the TP around the CF circumference, raising the UTS amount closer to that of epoxy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:58:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6eae0867027a4803afe43d83e5180e94 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:58:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6eae0867027a4803afe43d83e5180e942023-11-23T08:40:01ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-04-01159322010.3390/ma15093220Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and ReviewMichael C. Faudree0Helmut Takahiro Uchida1Hideki Kimura2Satoru Kaneko3Michelle Salvia4Yoshitake Nishi5Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Tokyo City University, Yokohama-shi 224-8551, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, JapanKanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Ebina-shi 243-0435, JapanEcole Centrale de Lyon, CEDEX, 69134 Ecully, FranceGraduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka-shi 259-1292, JapanA literature review of up-to-date methods to strengthen Ti/carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) hybrid joints is given. However, there are little or no studies on Ti/CFRP joints by carbon fiber plug insert, which takes advantage of the extremely high surface adhesion area of ~6 μm CFs. Therefore, we cover the current status and review our previously published results developing hybrid joints by a CF plug insert with spot-welded Ti half-lengths to enhance the safety levels of aircraft fan blades. A thermoset Ti/CF/epoxy joint exhibited an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 283 MPa when calculated according to the rule of mixtures (RM) for the CF cross-section portion. With concern for the environment, thermoplastic polymers (TPs) allowed recyclability. However, a drawback is easy CF pull-out from difficult-to-adhere TPs due to insufficient contact sites. Therefore, research on a novel method of homogeneous low voltage electron beam irradiation (HLEBI) to activate a bare CF half-length prior to dipping in a TP resin was reviewed and showed that the UTS by the RM of Ti/<b>EB</b>CF/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Ti/<b>EB</b>CF/polycarbonate (PC) joints increased 154% (from 55 to 140 MPa) and 829% (from 30 to 195 MPa), respectively, over the untreated sample. The optimum 0.30 MGy HLEBI prevented CF pull-out by apparently growing crystallites into the TP around the CF circumference, raising the UTS amount closer to that of epoxy.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3220hybrid jointthermoplasticthermosettitaniumspot-weldingcarbon fiber |
| spellingShingle | Michael C. Faudree Helmut Takahiro Uchida Hideki Kimura Satoru Kaneko Michelle Salvia Yoshitake Nishi Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review Materials hybrid joint thermoplastic thermoset titanium spot-welding carbon fiber |
| title | Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review |
| title_full | Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review |
| title_short | Advances in Titanium/Polymer Hybrid Joints by Carbon Fiber Plug Insert: Current Status and Review |
| title_sort | advances in titanium polymer hybrid joints by carbon fiber plug insert current status and review |
| topic | hybrid joint thermoplastic thermoset titanium spot-welding carbon fiber |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3220 |
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