Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i>
This study aims to produce a mix of enzymes through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) of raw materials. Four different, easily available, agro-industrial wastes were evaluated as SSF substrates for enzymes production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> (Murr.) Barr. environmental strains nam...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/7/4/279 |
| _version_ | 1797504847972401152 |
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| author | Salvatore Savino Daniela Bulgari Eugenio Monti Emanuela Gobbi |
| author_facet | Salvatore Savino Daniela Bulgari Eugenio Monti Emanuela Gobbi |
| author_sort | Salvatore Savino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to produce a mix of enzymes through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) of raw materials. Four different, easily available, agro-industrial wastes were evaluated as SSF substrates for enzymes production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> (Murr.) Barr. environmental strains named CpA, CpB2, CpC4, and CpC7. Among the tested wastes, organic wheat bran for human use and wheat bran for animal feed better supports <i>C. parasitica</i> growth and protease production without any supplements. SDS-PAGE analyses highlighted the presence of three bands corresponding to an extracellular laccase (77 kDa), to the endothiapepsin (37 kDa), and to a carboxylesterase (60.6 kDa). Protease, laccase, and esterase activities by <i>C. parasitica</i> in SSF were evaluated for 15 days, showing the maximum protease activity at day 9 (3955.6 AU/gsf,). Conversely, the best laccase and esterase production was achieved after 15 days. The <i>C. parasitica</i> hypovirulent CpC4 strain showed the highest laccase and esterase activity (93.8 AU/gsf and 2.5 U/gsf, respectively). These results suggest the feasibility of a large-scale production of industrially relevant enzymes by <i>C. parasitica</i> strains in SSF process on low value materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:10:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6eb1400888f54f5eac2a099b6639692d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:10:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-6eb1400888f54f5eac2a099b6639692d2023-11-23T08:13:25ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372021-11-017427910.3390/fermentation7040279Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i>Salvatore Savino0Daniela Bulgari1Eugenio Monti2Emanuela Gobbi3Unit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (DMMT), University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, ItalyAgri-Food and Environmental Microbiology Platform (PiMiAA), Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, ItalyUnit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (DMMT), University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, ItalyAgri-Food and Environmental Microbiology Platform (PiMiAA), Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, ItalyThis study aims to produce a mix of enzymes through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) of raw materials. Four different, easily available, agro-industrial wastes were evaluated as SSF substrates for enzymes production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> (Murr.) Barr. environmental strains named CpA, CpB2, CpC4, and CpC7. Among the tested wastes, organic wheat bran for human use and wheat bran for animal feed better supports <i>C. parasitica</i> growth and protease production without any supplements. SDS-PAGE analyses highlighted the presence of three bands corresponding to an extracellular laccase (77 kDa), to the endothiapepsin (37 kDa), and to a carboxylesterase (60.6 kDa). Protease, laccase, and esterase activities by <i>C. parasitica</i> in SSF were evaluated for 15 days, showing the maximum protease activity at day 9 (3955.6 AU/gsf,). Conversely, the best laccase and esterase production was achieved after 15 days. The <i>C. parasitica</i> hypovirulent CpC4 strain showed the highest laccase and esterase activity (93.8 AU/gsf and 2.5 U/gsf, respectively). These results suggest the feasibility of a large-scale production of industrially relevant enzymes by <i>C. parasitica</i> strains in SSF process on low value materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/7/4/279esteraseaspartic proteaselaccasesolid state fermentationwheat branby-products |
| spellingShingle | Salvatore Savino Daniela Bulgari Eugenio Monti Emanuela Gobbi Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> Fermentation esterase aspartic protease laccase solid state fermentation wheat bran by-products |
| title | Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> |
| title_full | Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> |
| title_fullStr | Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> |
| title_short | Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Substrate for Multi-Enzymes Production by <i>Cryphonectria parasitica</i> |
| title_sort | agro industrial wastes a substrate for multi enzymes production by i cryphonectria parasitica i |
| topic | esterase aspartic protease laccase solid state fermentation wheat bran by-products |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/7/4/279 |
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