The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers

Background This study explores whether listening to preferred music after a stressful situation affects putting and swinging performance, heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), and anxiety among amateur golfers. Methods Twenty healthy amateur collegiate golfers voluntarily participated in this study...

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Main Authors: Hung-Tsung Wang, Yung-Sheng Chen, Ghazi Rekik, Chia-Chen Yang, Mao-Sheng Lai, Hsia-Ling Tai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2022-06-01
Series:PeerJ
Subjects:
Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/13557.pdf
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author Hung-Tsung Wang
Yung-Sheng Chen
Ghazi Rekik
Chia-Chen Yang
Mao-Sheng Lai
Hsia-Ling Tai
author_facet Hung-Tsung Wang
Yung-Sheng Chen
Ghazi Rekik
Chia-Chen Yang
Mao-Sheng Lai
Hsia-Ling Tai
author_sort Hung-Tsung Wang
collection DOAJ
description Background This study explores whether listening to preferred music after a stressful situation affects putting and swinging performance, heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), and anxiety among amateur golfers. Methods Twenty healthy amateur collegiate golfers voluntarily participated in this study (age 20.1 ± 1.17 yrs., height = 173.8 ± 7.74 cm, body weight = 72.35 ± 12.67 kg). Pre- and post-intervention HR and HRV measurements were taken, along with a self-report of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and Triple Factor Anxiety Inventory (TFAI). Participants were exposed to a stressful situation through the Stroop Colour and Word Test (SCWT) and then instructed to perform three golf-practice sessions in a golf simulator, separated by 48–72 hours of recovery, under different conditions: control, pre-task music, and synchronised music. Results No significant difference was identified between the experimental conditions for swinging (in terms of total distance (p = 0.116), carry distance (p = 0.608), speed of the ball (p = 0.819), and launch angle (p = 0.550) and putting performance (the number of successful putts on target (p > 0.05) and distance error between the target and ball (p = 0.122). No main effect for condition and time of intervention, as well as no interaction between these two factors was found for HR, HRV, and STAI-S (p = 0.116). However, the pre and post-intervention percentages of physiological items of the TFAI indicated a large, significant difference in synchronised music trial (p = 0.012, pre-task trial = −1.92% < control trial = 0% < synchronised trial = 4.58%). Conclusions The results imply that following a stressful situation, listening to preferred music before and/or during golf has no immediate effect on golf performance, anxiety, and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers.
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spelling doaj.art-6ebf097fd7b84b3297c7e296ed166a842023-12-03T10:50:12ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592022-06-0110e1355710.7717/peerj.13557The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfersHung-Tsung Wang0Yung-Sheng Chen1Ghazi Rekik2Chia-Chen Yang3Mao-Sheng Lai4Hsia-Ling Tai5Graduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, TaiwanTanyu Research Laboratory, Taipei, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Leisure and Recreation Management, Taipei City University of Science and Technology, Taipei, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei, TaiwanBackground This study explores whether listening to preferred music after a stressful situation affects putting and swinging performance, heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), and anxiety among amateur golfers. Methods Twenty healthy amateur collegiate golfers voluntarily participated in this study (age 20.1 ± 1.17 yrs., height = 173.8 ± 7.74 cm, body weight = 72.35 ± 12.67 kg). Pre- and post-intervention HR and HRV measurements were taken, along with a self-report of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and Triple Factor Anxiety Inventory (TFAI). Participants were exposed to a stressful situation through the Stroop Colour and Word Test (SCWT) and then instructed to perform three golf-practice sessions in a golf simulator, separated by 48–72 hours of recovery, under different conditions: control, pre-task music, and synchronised music. Results No significant difference was identified between the experimental conditions for swinging (in terms of total distance (p = 0.116), carry distance (p = 0.608), speed of the ball (p = 0.819), and launch angle (p = 0.550) and putting performance (the number of successful putts on target (p > 0.05) and distance error between the target and ball (p = 0.122). No main effect for condition and time of intervention, as well as no interaction between these two factors was found for HR, HRV, and STAI-S (p = 0.116). However, the pre and post-intervention percentages of physiological items of the TFAI indicated a large, significant difference in synchronised music trial (p = 0.012, pre-task trial = −1.92% < control trial = 0% < synchronised trial = 4.58%). Conclusions The results imply that following a stressful situation, listening to preferred music before and/or during golf has no immediate effect on golf performance, anxiety, and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers.https://peerj.com/articles/13557.pdfPsychological stressGolf performanceMusic interventionAutonomic nervous system
spellingShingle Hung-Tsung Wang
Yung-Sheng Chen
Ghazi Rekik
Chia-Chen Yang
Mao-Sheng Lai
Hsia-Ling Tai
The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
PeerJ
Psychological stress
Golf performance
Music intervention
Autonomic nervous system
title The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
title_full The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
title_fullStr The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
title_full_unstemmed The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
title_short The effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
title_sort effect of listening to preferred music after a stressful task on performance and psychophysiological responses in collegiate golfers
topic Psychological stress
Golf performance
Music intervention
Autonomic nervous system
url https://peerj.com/articles/13557.pdf
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