Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar
Despite a significant decline in the incidence of malaria in Myanmar recently, malaria is still an important public health concern in the country. Although <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> is associated with the highest incidence of malaria in Myanmar, the proportion of <i>P. vivax<...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/916 |
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| author | Haung Naw Jung-Mi Kang Mya Moe Jinyoung Lee Hương Giang Lê Tuấn Cường Võ Yi Yi Mya Moe Kyaw Myint Zaw Than Htun Tong-Soo Kim Ho-Joon Shin Byoung-Kuk Na |
| author_facet | Haung Naw Jung-Mi Kang Mya Moe Jinyoung Lee Hương Giang Lê Tuấn Cường Võ Yi Yi Mya Moe Kyaw Myint Zaw Than Htun Tong-Soo Kim Ho-Joon Shin Byoung-Kuk Na |
| author_sort | Haung Naw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite a significant decline in the incidence of malaria in Myanmar recently, malaria is still an important public health concern in the country. Although <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> is associated with the highest incidence of malaria in Myanmar, the proportion of <i>P. vivax</i> cases has shown a gradual increase in recent years. The genetic diversity of <i>P. vivax</i> merozoite surface protein-1 block 5-6 (<i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6) in the <i>P. vivax</i> population of Myanmar was analyzed to obtain a comprehensive insight into its genetic heterogeneity and evolutionary history. High levels of genetic diversity of <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 were identified in the <i>P. vivax</i> isolates collected from Myanmar between 2013 and 2015. Thirty-nine distinct haplotypes of <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 (13 for Sal I type, 20 for recombinant type, and 6 for Belem type) were found at the amino acid level. Comparative analyses of the genetic diversity of <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 sequences in the recent (2013–2015) and the past (2004) <i>P. vivax</i> populations in Myanmar revealed genetic expansion of the <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 in recent years, albeit with a declined incidence. The recent increase in the genetic heterogeneity of Myanmar <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 is attributed to a combination of factors, including accumulated mutations and recombination. These results suggest that the size of the <i>P. vivax</i> population in Myanmar is sufficient to enable the generation and maintenance of genetic diversity, warranting continuous molecular surveillance of genetic variation in Myanmar <i>P. vivax</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ece9ea82196429b8a121a8919a9531f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ece9ea82196429b8a121a8919a9531f2023-11-22T09:07:55ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-07-0110891610.3390/pathogens10080916Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in MyanmarHaung Naw0Jung-Mi Kang1Mya Moe2Jinyoung Lee3Hương Giang Lê4Tuấn Cường Võ5Yi Yi Mya6Moe Kyaw Myint7Zaw Than Htun8Tong-Soo Kim9Ho-Joon Shin10Byoung-Kuk Na11Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Medical Research Pyin Oo Lwin Branch, Pyin Oo Lwin 05062, MyanmarDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Medical Research Pyin Oo Lwin Branch, Pyin Oo Lwin 05062, MyanmarDepartment of Medical Research Pyin Oo Lwin Branch, Pyin Oo Lwin 05062, MyanmarDepartment of Medical Research Pyin Oo Lwin Branch, Pyin Oo Lwin 05062, MyanmarDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, KoreaDepartment of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, KoreaDespite a significant decline in the incidence of malaria in Myanmar recently, malaria is still an important public health concern in the country. Although <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> is associated with the highest incidence of malaria in Myanmar, the proportion of <i>P. vivax</i> cases has shown a gradual increase in recent years. The genetic diversity of <i>P. vivax</i> merozoite surface protein-1 block 5-6 (<i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6) in the <i>P. vivax</i> population of Myanmar was analyzed to obtain a comprehensive insight into its genetic heterogeneity and evolutionary history. High levels of genetic diversity of <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 were identified in the <i>P. vivax</i> isolates collected from Myanmar between 2013 and 2015. Thirty-nine distinct haplotypes of <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 (13 for Sal I type, 20 for recombinant type, and 6 for Belem type) were found at the amino acid level. Comparative analyses of the genetic diversity of <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 sequences in the recent (2013–2015) and the past (2004) <i>P. vivax</i> populations in Myanmar revealed genetic expansion of the <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 in recent years, albeit with a declined incidence. The recent increase in the genetic heterogeneity of Myanmar <i>pvmsp</i>-<i>1</i> ICB 5-6 is attributed to a combination of factors, including accumulated mutations and recombination. These results suggest that the size of the <i>P. vivax</i> population in Myanmar is sufficient to enable the generation and maintenance of genetic diversity, warranting continuous molecular surveillance of genetic variation in Myanmar <i>P. vivax</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/916<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>merozoite surface protein-1Myanmargenetic diversity |
| spellingShingle | Haung Naw Jung-Mi Kang Mya Moe Jinyoung Lee Hương Giang Lê Tuấn Cường Võ Yi Yi Mya Moe Kyaw Myint Zaw Than Htun Tong-Soo Kim Ho-Joon Shin Byoung-Kuk Na Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar Pathogens <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> merozoite surface protein-1 Myanmar genetic diversity |
| title | Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar |
| title_full | Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar |
| title_fullStr | Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar |
| title_short | Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar |
| title_sort | temporal changes in the genetic diversity of i plasmodium vivax i merozoite surface protein 1 in myanmar |
| topic | <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> merozoite surface protein-1 Myanmar genetic diversity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/916 |
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