Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode
Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the plant–parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has become a severe environmental problem in the Iberian Peninsula with devastating effects in Pinus pinaster forests. Despite the high levels of this species' susceptibility, previous studies reported h...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.690857/full |
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| author | Inês Modesto Inês Modesto Inês Modesto Lieven Sterck Lieven Sterck Vicent Arbona Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas Isabel Carrasquinho Isabel Carrasquinho Yves Van de Peer Yves Van de Peer Yves Van de Peer Célia M. Miguel Célia M. Miguel |
| author_facet | Inês Modesto Inês Modesto Inês Modesto Lieven Sterck Lieven Sterck Vicent Arbona Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas Isabel Carrasquinho Isabel Carrasquinho Yves Van de Peer Yves Van de Peer Yves Van de Peer Célia M. Miguel Célia M. Miguel |
| author_sort | Inês Modesto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the plant–parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has become a severe environmental problem in the Iberian Peninsula with devastating effects in Pinus pinaster forests. Despite the high levels of this species' susceptibility, previous studies reported heritable resistance in P. pinaster trees. Understanding the basis of this resistance can be of extreme relevance for future programs aiming at reducing the disease impact on P. pinaster forests. In this study, we highlighted the mechanisms possibly involved in P. pinaster resistance to PWD, by comparing the transcriptional changes between resistant and susceptible plants after infection. Our analysis revealed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in resistant plants (1,916) when compared with susceptible plants (1,226). Resistance to PWN is mediated by the induction of the jasmonic acid (JA) defense pathway, secondary metabolism pathways, lignin synthesis, oxidative stress response genes, and resistance genes. Quantification of the acetyl bromide-soluble lignin confirmed a significant increase of cell wall lignification of stem tissues around the inoculation zone in resistant plants. In addition to less lignified cell walls, susceptibility to the pine wood nematode seems associated with the activation of the salicylic acid (SA) defense pathway at 72 hpi, as revealed by the higher SA levels in the tissues of susceptible plants. Cell wall reinforcement and hormone signaling mechanisms seem therefore essential for a resistance response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:30:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ed4e4b33d7d4078bc871476086e2f18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:30:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ed4e4b33d7d4078bc871476086e2f182022-12-21T22:28:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-06-011210.3389/fpls.2021.690857690857Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood NematodeInês Modesto0Inês Modesto1Inês Modesto2Lieven Sterck3Lieven Sterck4Vicent Arbona5Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas6Isabel Carrasquinho7Isabel Carrasquinho8Yves Van de Peer9Yves Van de Peer10Yves Van de Peer11Célia M. Miguel12Célia M. Miguel13Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, PortugalInstituto de Biologia e Tecnologia Experimental, Oeiras, PortugalDepartment of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumVIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, BelgiumDepartament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, SpainDepartament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, SpainInstituto Nacional Investigaciao Agraria e Veterinaria, Oeiras, PortugalLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumVIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South AfricaInstituto de Biologia e Tecnologia Experimental, Oeiras, PortugalBiosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, PortugalPine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the plant–parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has become a severe environmental problem in the Iberian Peninsula with devastating effects in Pinus pinaster forests. Despite the high levels of this species' susceptibility, previous studies reported heritable resistance in P. pinaster trees. Understanding the basis of this resistance can be of extreme relevance for future programs aiming at reducing the disease impact on P. pinaster forests. In this study, we highlighted the mechanisms possibly involved in P. pinaster resistance to PWD, by comparing the transcriptional changes between resistant and susceptible plants after infection. Our analysis revealed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in resistant plants (1,916) when compared with susceptible plants (1,226). Resistance to PWN is mediated by the induction of the jasmonic acid (JA) defense pathway, secondary metabolism pathways, lignin synthesis, oxidative stress response genes, and resistance genes. Quantification of the acetyl bromide-soluble lignin confirmed a significant increase of cell wall lignification of stem tissues around the inoculation zone in resistant plants. In addition to less lignified cell walls, susceptibility to the pine wood nematode seems associated with the activation of the salicylic acid (SA) defense pathway at 72 hpi, as revealed by the higher SA levels in the tissues of susceptible plants. Cell wall reinforcement and hormone signaling mechanisms seem therefore essential for a resistance response.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.690857/fullcell wall lignificationjasmonatemaritime pinepine wilt diseaseresistance genessecondary metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Inês Modesto Inês Modesto Inês Modesto Lieven Sterck Lieven Sterck Vicent Arbona Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas Isabel Carrasquinho Isabel Carrasquinho Yves Van de Peer Yves Van de Peer Yves Van de Peer Célia M. Miguel Célia M. Miguel Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode Frontiers in Plant Science cell wall lignification jasmonate maritime pine pine wilt disease resistance genes secondary metabolism |
| title | Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode |
| title_full | Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode |
| title_fullStr | Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode |
| title_short | Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode |
| title_sort | insights into the mechanisms implicated in pinus pinaster resistance to pinewood nematode |
| topic | cell wall lignification jasmonate maritime pine pine wilt disease resistance genes secondary metabolism |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.690857/full |
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