Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity
ObjectiveCognitive impairment occurs frequently in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. However, its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, hindering the development of new therapies. Changes in brain connectivity are related to cognitive impairment i...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2021.701499/full |
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| author | Min Cai Min Cai Ge Dang Ge Dang Xiaolin Su Xiaolin Su Lin Zhu Lin Zhu Xue Shi Xue Shi Sixuan Che Sixuan Che Xiaoyong Lan Xiaoyong Lan Xiaoguang Luo Xiaoguang Luo Yi Guo Yi Guo Yi Guo |
| author_facet | Min Cai Min Cai Ge Dang Ge Dang Xiaolin Su Xiaolin Su Lin Zhu Lin Zhu Xue Shi Xue Shi Sixuan Che Sixuan Che Xiaoyong Lan Xiaoyong Lan Xiaoguang Luo Xiaoguang Luo Yi Guo Yi Guo Yi Guo |
| author_sort | Min Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveCognitive impairment occurs frequently in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. However, its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, hindering the development of new therapies. Changes in brain connectivity are related to cognitive impairment in patients with PD, with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) being considered the essential region related to PD cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the global connectivity responsible for communication with the DLPFC node, the posterior division of the middle frontal gyrus (PMFG) in patients with PD; this was the focus of this study.MethodsWe applied resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) and calculated a reliable functional connectivity measurement, the debiased weighted phase lag index (dWPLI), to examine inter-regional functional connectivity in 68 patients with PD who were classified into two groups according to their cognitive condition.ResultsWe observed that altered left and right PMFG-based functional connectivity associated with cognitive impairment in patients with PD in the theta frequency bands under the eyes closed condition (r = −0.426, p < 0.001 and r = −0.437, p < 0.001, respectively). Exploratory results based on the MoCA subdomains indicated that poorer visuospatial function was associated with higher right PMFG-based functional connectivity (r = −0.335, p = 0.005), and poorer attention function was associated with higher left and right PMFG-based functional connectivity (r = −0.380, p = 0.001 and r = −0.256, p = 0.035, respectively). Further analysis using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves found that this abnormal functional connectivity was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR): 2.949, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.294–6.725, p = 0.01 for left PMFG; OR: 11.278, 95% CI: 2.578–49.335, p = 0.001 for right PMFG, per 0.1 U], and provided moderate classification power to discriminate between cognitive abilities in patients with PD [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.770 for left PMFG; AUC = 0.809 for right PMFG].ConclusionThese preliminary findings indicate that abnormal PMFG-based functional connectivity patterns associated with cognitive impairment in the theta frequency bands under the eyes closed condition and altered functional connectivity patterns have the potential to act as reliable biomarkers for identifying cognitive impairment in patients with PD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:41:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ed57d9a9eda4da4ba4fe3cddd6ba5c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:41:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ed57d9a9eda4da4ba4fe3cddd6ba5c12022-12-21T20:13:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652021-07-011310.3389/fnagi.2021.701499701499Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional ConnectivityMin Cai0Min Cai1Ge Dang2Ge Dang3Xiaolin Su4Xiaolin Su5Lin Zhu6Lin Zhu7Xue Shi8Xue Shi9Sixuan Che10Sixuan Che11Xiaoyong Lan12Xiaoyong Lan13Xiaoguang Luo14Xiaoguang Luo15Yi Guo16Yi Guo17Yi Guo18Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Medical, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, ChinaMOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Chengdu Mental Health Center, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen Bay Laboratory, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaObjectiveCognitive impairment occurs frequently in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. However, its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, hindering the development of new therapies. Changes in brain connectivity are related to cognitive impairment in patients with PD, with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) being considered the essential region related to PD cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the global connectivity responsible for communication with the DLPFC node, the posterior division of the middle frontal gyrus (PMFG) in patients with PD; this was the focus of this study.MethodsWe applied resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) and calculated a reliable functional connectivity measurement, the debiased weighted phase lag index (dWPLI), to examine inter-regional functional connectivity in 68 patients with PD who were classified into two groups according to their cognitive condition.ResultsWe observed that altered left and right PMFG-based functional connectivity associated with cognitive impairment in patients with PD in the theta frequency bands under the eyes closed condition (r = −0.426, p < 0.001 and r = −0.437, p < 0.001, respectively). Exploratory results based on the MoCA subdomains indicated that poorer visuospatial function was associated with higher right PMFG-based functional connectivity (r = −0.335, p = 0.005), and poorer attention function was associated with higher left and right PMFG-based functional connectivity (r = −0.380, p = 0.001 and r = −0.256, p = 0.035, respectively). Further analysis using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves found that this abnormal functional connectivity was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR): 2.949, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.294–6.725, p = 0.01 for left PMFG; OR: 11.278, 95% CI: 2.578–49.335, p = 0.001 for right PMFG, per 0.1 U], and provided moderate classification power to discriminate between cognitive abilities in patients with PD [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.770 for left PMFG; AUC = 0.809 for right PMFG].ConclusionThese preliminary findings indicate that abnormal PMFG-based functional connectivity patterns associated with cognitive impairment in the theta frequency bands under the eyes closed condition and altered functional connectivity patterns have the potential to act as reliable biomarkers for identifying cognitive impairment in patients with PD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2021.701499/fullParkinson’s diseasecognitive impairmentelectroencephalographyfunctional connectivitytheta frequency band |
| spellingShingle | Min Cai Min Cai Ge Dang Ge Dang Xiaolin Su Xiaolin Su Lin Zhu Lin Zhu Xue Shi Xue Shi Sixuan Che Sixuan Che Xiaoyong Lan Xiaoyong Lan Xiaoguang Luo Xiaoguang Luo Yi Guo Yi Guo Yi Guo Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment electroencephalography functional connectivity theta frequency band |
| title | Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity |
| title_full | Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity |
| title_fullStr | Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity |
| title_short | Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease With Electroencephalogram Functional Connectivity |
| title_sort | identifying mild cognitive impairment in parkinson s disease with electroencephalogram functional connectivity |
| topic | Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment electroencephalography functional connectivity theta frequency band |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2021.701499/full |
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