Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland
Bird feeders are known to be a transfer site for many important bird pathogens, such as zoonotic <i>Salmonella</i> spp., known to be widespread among wild birds in Poland. The aim of the study was to investigate (1) whether feeders can be a source of <i>Salmonella</i> spp., (...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/6/1831 |
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| author | Martyna Frątczak Piotr Indykiewicz Beata Dulisz Jacek J. Nowakowski Tomasz Janiszewski Jan Szeptycki Jarosław Wilczyński Piotr Tryjanowski |
| author_facet | Martyna Frątczak Piotr Indykiewicz Beata Dulisz Jacek J. Nowakowski Tomasz Janiszewski Jan Szeptycki Jarosław Wilczyński Piotr Tryjanowski |
| author_sort | Martyna Frątczak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bird feeders are known to be a transfer site for many important bird pathogens, such as zoonotic <i>Salmonella</i> spp., known to be widespread among wild birds in Poland. The aim of the study was to investigate (1) whether feeders can be a source of <i>Salmonella</i> spp., (2) whether the risk is the same for feeders located in cities and rural areas and (3) whether there is a different level of contamination with <i>Salmonella</i> spp. between old and new feeders. Data were collected in the period 12 January–28 February 2018 in four cities in Poland and nearby rural areas. In total, 204 feeders were sampled. The samples from feeders were taken after a 2-week period of feeding birds. Material for analysis consisted of the remains of food and feces. We did not find the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. in any of the tested samples collected from bird feeders. Therefore, the estimated value of the 95% confidence interval for the binary data was 0.000–0.018. Reasons for the isolation of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. from feeders not being successful lie in the low intensity of bacterial shedding by infected wild birds and low survival of bacteria in the environment in bird feces—which are still not well studied. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:16:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ed5c8ea8f66470dbe0e225994e5fbec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:16:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ed5c8ea8f66470dbe0e225994e5fbec2023-11-22T00:48:32ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-06-01116183110.3390/ani11061831Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in PolandMartyna Frątczak0Piotr Indykiewicz1Beata Dulisz2Jacek J. Nowakowski3Tomasz Janiszewski4Jan Szeptycki5Jarosław Wilczyński6Piotr Tryjanowski7Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, PL-60-625 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Biology and Animal Environment, University of Technology and Life Sciences, Mazowiecka 28, PL-85-084 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Ecology & Environmental Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, PL-10-727 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Ecology & Environmental Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, PL-10-727 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Teacher Training and Biodiversity Studies, University of Łódz, Banacha 1/3, PL-90-237 Łódź, PolandDepartment of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, PL-60-637 Poznań, PolandWeterynaryjne Laboratorium Diagnostyczne, Lab-Vet sp z o.o., Okrężna 8, PL-62-080 Tarnowo Podgórne, PolandDepartment of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, PL-60-625 Poznań, PolandBird feeders are known to be a transfer site for many important bird pathogens, such as zoonotic <i>Salmonella</i> spp., known to be widespread among wild birds in Poland. The aim of the study was to investigate (1) whether feeders can be a source of <i>Salmonella</i> spp., (2) whether the risk is the same for feeders located in cities and rural areas and (3) whether there is a different level of contamination with <i>Salmonella</i> spp. between old and new feeders. Data were collected in the period 12 January–28 February 2018 in four cities in Poland and nearby rural areas. In total, 204 feeders were sampled. The samples from feeders were taken after a 2-week period of feeding birds. Material for analysis consisted of the remains of food and feces. We did not find the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. in any of the tested samples collected from bird feeders. Therefore, the estimated value of the 95% confidence interval for the binary data was 0.000–0.018. Reasons for the isolation of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. from feeders not being successful lie in the low intensity of bacterial shedding by infected wild birds and low survival of bacteria in the environment in bird feces—which are still not well studied.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/6/1831epidemiology<i>Salmonella</i>zoonosisOne Health |
| spellingShingle | Martyna Frątczak Piotr Indykiewicz Beata Dulisz Jacek J. Nowakowski Tomasz Janiszewski Jan Szeptycki Jarosław Wilczyński Piotr Tryjanowski Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland Animals epidemiology <i>Salmonella</i> zoonosis One Health |
| title | Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland |
| title_full | Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland |
| title_fullStr | Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland |
| title_short | Lack of Evidence That Bird Feeders Are a Source of Salmonellosis during Winter in Poland |
| title_sort | lack of evidence that bird feeders are a source of salmonellosis during winter in poland |
| topic | epidemiology <i>Salmonella</i> zoonosis One Health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/6/1831 |
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