Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits
Structured lipids (SLs) offer a promising avenue for designing novel formulations enriched in <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) with potential health benefits. Triacylglycerols (TAGs), the most common fats in the human diet, are both non-toxic and chemically sta...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/10/1060 |
| _version_ | 1797573024509067264 |
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| author | Paula A. Lopes Cristina M. Alfaia José M. Pestana José A. M. Prates |
| author_facet | Paula A. Lopes Cristina M. Alfaia José M. Pestana José A. M. Prates |
| author_sort | Paula A. Lopes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Structured lipids (SLs) offer a promising avenue for designing novel formulations enriched in <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) with potential health benefits. Triacylglycerols (TAGs), the most common fats in the human diet, are both non-toxic and chemically stable. The metabolic efficiency and digestibility of TAGs are significantly influenced by the position of fatty acids (FAs) within the glycerol backbone, with FAs at the <i>sn</i>-2 position being readily absorbed. Over the past two decades, advancements in SL research have led to the development of modified TAGs, achieved either through chemical or enzymatic processes, resulting in SLs. The ideal structure of SLs involves medium-chain FAs at the <i>sn</i>-1,3 positions and long-chain <i>n</i>-3 LCPUFAs at the <i>sn</i>-2 position of the glycerol backbone, conferring specific physicochemical and nutritional attributes. These tailored SL formulations find wide-ranging applications in the food and nutraceutical industries, showing promise for dietary support in promoting health and mitigating various diseases. In particular, SLs can be harnessed as functional oils to augment TAG metabolism, thereby impeding the development of fatty liver, countering the onset of obesity, and preventing atherosclerosis and age-related chronic diseases. In scrutinising prevailing research trajectories, this review endeavours to provide an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted advantages and repercussions associated with the synthesis of SLs. It elucidates their burgeoning potential in enhancing health and well-being across a range of demographic cohorts. Specifically, the implications of SL utilisation are discussed in the context of healthcare environments and early childhood developmental support. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:03:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ee198316e8f4ec7aed650e634421f86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:03:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ee198316e8f4ec7aed650e634421f862023-11-19T17:19:53ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-10-011310106010.3390/metabo13101060Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional BenefitsPaula A. Lopes0Cristina M. Alfaia1José M. Pestana2José A. M. Prates3CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, PortugalCIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, PortugalCIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, PortugalCIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, PortugalStructured lipids (SLs) offer a promising avenue for designing novel formulations enriched in <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) with potential health benefits. Triacylglycerols (TAGs), the most common fats in the human diet, are both non-toxic and chemically stable. The metabolic efficiency and digestibility of TAGs are significantly influenced by the position of fatty acids (FAs) within the glycerol backbone, with FAs at the <i>sn</i>-2 position being readily absorbed. Over the past two decades, advancements in SL research have led to the development of modified TAGs, achieved either through chemical or enzymatic processes, resulting in SLs. The ideal structure of SLs involves medium-chain FAs at the <i>sn</i>-1,3 positions and long-chain <i>n</i>-3 LCPUFAs at the <i>sn</i>-2 position of the glycerol backbone, conferring specific physicochemical and nutritional attributes. These tailored SL formulations find wide-ranging applications in the food and nutraceutical industries, showing promise for dietary support in promoting health and mitigating various diseases. In particular, SLs can be harnessed as functional oils to augment TAG metabolism, thereby impeding the development of fatty liver, countering the onset of obesity, and preventing atherosclerosis and age-related chronic diseases. In scrutinising prevailing research trajectories, this review endeavours to provide an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted advantages and repercussions associated with the synthesis of SLs. It elucidates their burgeoning potential in enhancing health and well-being across a range of demographic cohorts. Specifically, the implications of SL utilisation are discussed in the context of healthcare environments and early childhood developmental support.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/10/1060TAGSLstereospecific position<i>n</i>-3 LCPUFAhealth benefits |
| spellingShingle | Paula A. Lopes Cristina M. Alfaia José M. Pestana José A. M. Prates Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits Metabolites TAG SL stereospecific position <i>n</i>-3 LCPUFA health benefits |
| title | Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits |
| title_full | Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits |
| title_fullStr | Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits |
| title_short | Structured Lipids Engineering for Health: Novel Formulations Enriched in <i>n</i>-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Potential Nutritional Benefits |
| title_sort | structured lipids engineering for health novel formulations enriched in i n i 3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with potential nutritional benefits |
| topic | TAG SL stereospecific position <i>n</i>-3 LCPUFA health benefits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/10/1060 |
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