<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress
Nanoparticle (NP) application is most effective in decreasing metalloid toxicity. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of <i>Bacillus subtiles</i> synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) against arsenic (As) stress on rice...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/10/618 |
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| author | Sehresh Khan Nazneen Akhtar Shafiq Ur Rehman Shaukat Shujah Eui Shik Rha Muhammad Jamil |
| author_facet | Sehresh Khan Nazneen Akhtar Shafiq Ur Rehman Shaukat Shujah Eui Shik Rha Muhammad Jamil |
| author_sort | Sehresh Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoparticle (NP) application is most effective in decreasing metalloid toxicity. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of <i>Bacillus subtiles</i> synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) against arsenic (As) stress on rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) seedlings. Different concentrations of As (5, 10 and 15 ppm) and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs solution (5, 10 and 15 ppm) alone and in combination were applied to rice seedlings. The results showed that As at 15 ppm significantly decreased the growth of rice, which was increased by the low level of As. Results indicated that <i>B. subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NP-treated plants showed maximum chlorophyll land protein content as compared with arsenic treatment alone. The antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT, MDA and APX and stress modulators (Glycine betain and proline) also showed decreased content in plants as compared with As stress. Subsequently, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs reduced the stress associated parameters due to limited passage of arsenic inside the plant. Furthermore, reduction in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA content confirmed that the addition of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs under As stress protected rice seedlings against arsenic toxicity, hence enhanced growth was notice and it had beneficial effects on the plant. Results highlighted that Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs protect rice seedlings against arsenic stress by reducing As accumulation, act as a nano adsorbent and restricting arsenic uptake in rice plants. Hence, our study confirms the significance of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs in alleviating As toxicity in rice plants. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:25:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6ee953304d2649a5afecf18e2e83a7a52023-11-24T02:58:08ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042022-10-01101061810.3390/toxics10100618<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic StressSehresh Khan0Nazneen Akhtar1Shafiq Ur Rehman2Shaukat Shujah3Eui Shik Rha4Muhammad Jamil5Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, PakistanDepartment of Biology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, PakistanDepartments of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, PakistanDepartment of Well-Being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, KoreaDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, PakistanNanoparticle (NP) application is most effective in decreasing metalloid toxicity. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of <i>Bacillus subtiles</i> synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) against arsenic (As) stress on rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) seedlings. Different concentrations of As (5, 10 and 15 ppm) and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs solution (5, 10 and 15 ppm) alone and in combination were applied to rice seedlings. The results showed that As at 15 ppm significantly decreased the growth of rice, which was increased by the low level of As. Results indicated that <i>B. subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NP-treated plants showed maximum chlorophyll land protein content as compared with arsenic treatment alone. The antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT, MDA and APX and stress modulators (Glycine betain and proline) also showed decreased content in plants as compared with As stress. Subsequently, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs reduced the stress associated parameters due to limited passage of arsenic inside the plant. Furthermore, reduction in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA content confirmed that the addition of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs under As stress protected rice seedlings against arsenic toxicity, hence enhanced growth was notice and it had beneficial effects on the plant. Results highlighted that Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs protect rice seedlings against arsenic stress by reducing As accumulation, act as a nano adsorbent and restricting arsenic uptake in rice plants. Hence, our study confirms the significance of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs in alleviating As toxicity in rice plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/10/618arseniciron oxide nanoparticlestoxicityoxidative stress<i>Oryza Sativa</i> L. |
| spellingShingle | Sehresh Khan Nazneen Akhtar Shafiq Ur Rehman Shaukat Shujah Eui Shik Rha Muhammad Jamil <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress Toxics arsenic iron oxide nanoparticles toxicity oxidative stress <i>Oryza Sativa</i> L. |
| title | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress |
| title_full | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress |
| title_fullStr | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress |
| title_short | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Arsenic Stress |
| title_sort | i bacillus subtilis i synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles fe sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub nps induced metabolic and anti oxidative response in rice i oryza sativa i l under arsenic stress |
| topic | arsenic iron oxide nanoparticles toxicity oxidative stress <i>Oryza Sativa</i> L. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/10/618 |
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