Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>
Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a heterogeneous family of ubiquitous metal ion-binding proteins. In plants, MTs participate in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, protection against heavy metal stress, oxidative stress responses, and responses to pathogen attack. Despite their wide va...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1491 |
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| author | Citlali Fonseca-García Claudia Marina López-García Ronal Pacheco Elisabeth Armada Noreide Nava Rocío Pérez-Aguilar Jorge Solis-Miranda Carmen Quinto |
| author_facet | Citlali Fonseca-García Claudia Marina López-García Ronal Pacheco Elisabeth Armada Noreide Nava Rocío Pérez-Aguilar Jorge Solis-Miranda Carmen Quinto |
| author_sort | Citlali Fonseca-García |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a heterogeneous family of ubiquitous metal ion-binding proteins. In plants, MTs participate in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, protection against heavy metal stress, oxidative stress responses, and responses to pathogen attack. Despite their wide variety of functions, the role of MTs in symbiotic associations, specifically nodule-fabacean symbiosis, is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the role of the <i>PvMT1A</i> gene in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>-<i>Rhizobium tropici</i> symbiosis using bioinformatics and reverse genetics approaches. Using in silico analysis, we identified six genes encoding MTs in <i>P. vulgaris</i>, which were clustered into three of the four classes described in plants. <i>PvMT1A</i> transcript levels were significantly higher in roots inoculated with <i>R. tropici</i> at 7 and 30 days post inoculation (dpi) than in non-inoculated roots. Functional analysis showed that downregulating <i>PvMT1A</i> by RNA interference (RNAi) reduced the number of infection events at 7 and 10 dpi and the number of nodules at 14 and 21 dpi. In addition, nodule development was negatively affected in <i>PvMT1A</i>:RNAi transgenic roots, and these nodules displayed a reduced nitrogen fixation rate at 21 dpi. These results strongly suggest that <i>PvMT1A</i> plays an important role in the infection process and nodule development in <i>P. vulgaris</i> during rhizobial symbiosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:46:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6eec1c0204644d21b3225526d9b783b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:46:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6eec1c0204644d21b3225526d9b783b72023-11-23T16:41:25ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-01233149110.3390/ijms23031491Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>Citlali Fonseca-García0Claudia Marina López-García1Ronal Pacheco2Elisabeth Armada3Noreide Nava4Rocío Pérez-Aguilar5Jorge Solis-Miranda6Carmen Quinto7Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoDepartamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, MexicoMetallothioneins (MTs) constitute a heterogeneous family of ubiquitous metal ion-binding proteins. In plants, MTs participate in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, protection against heavy metal stress, oxidative stress responses, and responses to pathogen attack. Despite their wide variety of functions, the role of MTs in symbiotic associations, specifically nodule-fabacean symbiosis, is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the role of the <i>PvMT1A</i> gene in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>-<i>Rhizobium tropici</i> symbiosis using bioinformatics and reverse genetics approaches. Using in silico analysis, we identified six genes encoding MTs in <i>P. vulgaris</i>, which were clustered into three of the four classes described in plants. <i>PvMT1A</i> transcript levels were significantly higher in roots inoculated with <i>R. tropici</i> at 7 and 30 days post inoculation (dpi) than in non-inoculated roots. Functional analysis showed that downregulating <i>PvMT1A</i> by RNA interference (RNAi) reduced the number of infection events at 7 and 10 dpi and the number of nodules at 14 and 21 dpi. In addition, nodule development was negatively affected in <i>PvMT1A</i>:RNAi transgenic roots, and these nodules displayed a reduced nitrogen fixation rate at 21 dpi. These results strongly suggest that <i>PvMT1A</i> plays an important role in the infection process and nodule development in <i>P. vulgaris</i> during rhizobial symbiosis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1491metallothioneinnodule symbiosiscommon beanrhizobial infectionreactive oxygen species |
| spellingShingle | Citlali Fonseca-García Claudia Marina López-García Ronal Pacheco Elisabeth Armada Noreide Nava Rocío Pérez-Aguilar Jorge Solis-Miranda Carmen Quinto Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences metallothionein nodule symbiosis common bean rhizobial infection reactive oxygen species |
| title | Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> |
| title_full | Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> |
| title_fullStr | Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> |
| title_short | Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> |
| title_sort | metallothionein1a regulates rhizobial infection and nodulation in i phaseolus vulgaris i |
| topic | metallothionein nodule symbiosis common bean rhizobial infection reactive oxygen species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1491 |
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