Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation
This paper focuses on the development of polyvinylidene fluoride microfoam by implementing a chemical blowing agent through a continuous process. The objective was to investigate the effects caused by varying concentrations of chemical blowing agent, the use of a master batch as formulation variable...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504819300545 |
| _version_ | 1818427337510748160 |
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| author | Javad Sameni Shaffiq A. Jaffer Jimi Tjong Weimin Yang Mohini Sain |
| author_facet | Javad Sameni Shaffiq A. Jaffer Jimi Tjong Weimin Yang Mohini Sain |
| author_sort | Javad Sameni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper focuses on the development of polyvinylidene fluoride microfoam by implementing a chemical blowing agent through a continuous process. The objective was to investigate the effects caused by varying concentrations of chemical blowing agent, the use of a master batch as formulation variables, and variation of die temperature on the properties of polyvinylidene fluoride foam produced continuously. By using a 10% master batch formulation (contains 2% chemical blowing agent in final product), the cell density was increased while the cell size and foam density were decreased; the average cell size, cell density, and void fraction were found to be 50 μm, 7.7 × 106 cells/cm3, and 33%, respectively. This is due to the increased cell density primarily due to the increased nucleation sites. At a lower chemical blowing agent, concentration of 1%, the die temperature was varied over a range of 125–145 °C, as this is approximately the melting point of the polyvinylidene fluoride. Decreasing the die temperature from 135 °C to 130 °C caused the cell density to increase and cell size to decrease, while void fraction decreased from 58% to 39%. This is due to the loss of melt strength upon increasing the temperature of the melt PVDF as it exits the die. Keywords: Polyvinylidene fluoride foam, Chemical blowing agents, Continuous process, Die temperature, Master batch |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:44:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ef1ea7a0c5b43fb82a89d964adbf6dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2542-5048 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:44:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ef1ea7a0c5b43fb82a89d964adbf6dd2022-12-21T22:57:20ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research2542-50482020-01-01313645Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formationJavad Sameni0Shaffiq A. Jaffer1Jimi Tjong2Weimin Yang3Mohini Sain4Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Corresponding author.TOTAL American Services, Inc., 82 South St. Hopkinton, MA, 01748, USA; Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaFaculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaSchool of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bejing University of Technology, ChinaFaculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaThis paper focuses on the development of polyvinylidene fluoride microfoam by implementing a chemical blowing agent through a continuous process. The objective was to investigate the effects caused by varying concentrations of chemical blowing agent, the use of a master batch as formulation variables, and variation of die temperature on the properties of polyvinylidene fluoride foam produced continuously. By using a 10% master batch formulation (contains 2% chemical blowing agent in final product), the cell density was increased while the cell size and foam density were decreased; the average cell size, cell density, and void fraction were found to be 50 μm, 7.7 × 106 cells/cm3, and 33%, respectively. This is due to the increased cell density primarily due to the increased nucleation sites. At a lower chemical blowing agent, concentration of 1%, the die temperature was varied over a range of 125–145 °C, as this is approximately the melting point of the polyvinylidene fluoride. Decreasing the die temperature from 135 °C to 130 °C caused the cell density to increase and cell size to decrease, while void fraction decreased from 58% to 39%. This is due to the loss of melt strength upon increasing the temperature of the melt PVDF as it exits the die. Keywords: Polyvinylidene fluoride foam, Chemical blowing agents, Continuous process, Die temperature, Master batchhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504819300545 |
| spellingShingle | Javad Sameni Shaffiq A. Jaffer Jimi Tjong Weimin Yang Mohini Sain Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |
| title | Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation |
| title_full | Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation |
| title_fullStr | Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation |
| title_short | Continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF): Chemical microfoam formation |
| title_sort | continuous foam extrusion of polyvinylidene fluoride pvdf chemical microfoam formation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504819300545 |
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