Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources
Biomass exploitation is a global trend due to the circular economy and the environmentally friendly spirit. Numerous applications are now based on the use of biomass-derived products. Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a highly toxic and environmentally hazardous gas which is emitted f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/21/7418 |
| _version_ | 1797631567019900928 |
|---|---|
| author | Maria Baikousi Anna Gantzoudi Christina Gioti Dimitrios Moschovas Aris E. Giannakas Apostolos Avgeropoulos Constantinos E. Salmas Michael A. Karakassides |
| author_facet | Maria Baikousi Anna Gantzoudi Christina Gioti Dimitrios Moschovas Aris E. Giannakas Apostolos Avgeropoulos Constantinos E. Salmas Michael A. Karakassides |
| author_sort | Maria Baikousi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biomass exploitation is a global trend due to the circular economy and the environmentally friendly spirit. Numerous applications are now based on the use of biomass-derived products. Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a highly toxic and environmentally hazardous gas which is emitted from various processes. Thus, the efficient removal of this toxic hazardous gas following cost-effective processes is an essential requirement. In this study, we present the synthesis and characterization of biomass-derived activated carbon/zinc oxide (ZnO@AC) composites from different biomass sources as potential candidates for H<sub>2</sub>S sorption. The synthesis involved a facile method for activated carbon production via pyrolysis and chemical activation of biomass precursors (spent coffee, Aloe-Vera waste leaves, and corncob). Activated carbon production was followed by the incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles into the porous carbon matrix using a simple melt impregnation method. The synthesized ZnO@AC composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen porosimetry. The H<sub>2</sub>S removal performance of the ZnO@AC composites was evaluated through sorption experiments using a handmade apparatus. Our findings demonstrate that the Aloe-Vera-, spent coffee-, and corncob-derived composites exhibit superior H<sub>2</sub>S sorption capacity up to 106 mg<sub>H2S</sub>/g<sub>ads.</sub>, 66 mg<sub>H2S</sub>/g<sub>ads.</sub>, and 47 mg<sub>H2S</sub>/g<sub>ads.</sub>, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:24:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f26d6138eff4b1980f18420d4a87961 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:24:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f26d6138eff4b1980f18420d4a879612023-11-10T15:08:56ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-11-012821741810.3390/molecules28217418Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass SourcesMaria Baikousi0Anna Gantzoudi1Christina Gioti2Dimitrios Moschovas3Aris E. Giannakas4Apostolos Avgeropoulos5Constantinos E. Salmas6Michael A. Karakassides7Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 30100 Agrinio, GreeceDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceBiomass exploitation is a global trend due to the circular economy and the environmentally friendly spirit. Numerous applications are now based on the use of biomass-derived products. Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is a highly toxic and environmentally hazardous gas which is emitted from various processes. Thus, the efficient removal of this toxic hazardous gas following cost-effective processes is an essential requirement. In this study, we present the synthesis and characterization of biomass-derived activated carbon/zinc oxide (ZnO@AC) composites from different biomass sources as potential candidates for H<sub>2</sub>S sorption. The synthesis involved a facile method for activated carbon production via pyrolysis and chemical activation of biomass precursors (spent coffee, Aloe-Vera waste leaves, and corncob). Activated carbon production was followed by the incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles into the porous carbon matrix using a simple melt impregnation method. The synthesized ZnO@AC composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen porosimetry. The H<sub>2</sub>S removal performance of the ZnO@AC composites was evaluated through sorption experiments using a handmade apparatus. Our findings demonstrate that the Aloe-Vera-, spent coffee-, and corncob-derived composites exhibit superior H<sub>2</sub>S sorption capacity up to 106 mg<sub>H2S</sub>/g<sub>ads.</sub>, 66 mg<sub>H2S</sub>/g<sub>ads.</sub>, and 47 mg<sub>H2S</sub>/g<sub>ads.</sub>, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/21/7418activated carbonbiomasscarbon compositesspent coffeeAloe-Veracorncob |
| spellingShingle | Maria Baikousi Anna Gantzoudi Christina Gioti Dimitrios Moschovas Aris E. Giannakas Apostolos Avgeropoulos Constantinos E. Salmas Michael A. Karakassides Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources Molecules activated carbon biomass carbon composites spent coffee Aloe-Vera corncob |
| title | Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources |
| title_full | Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources |
| title_fullStr | Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources |
| title_short | Hydrogen Sulfide Removal via Sorption Process on Activated Carbon–Metal Oxide Composites Derived from Different Biomass Sources |
| title_sort | hydrogen sulfide removal via sorption process on activated carbon metal oxide composites derived from different biomass sources |
| topic | activated carbon biomass carbon composites spent coffee Aloe-Vera corncob |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/21/7418 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mariabaikousi hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT annagantzoudi hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT christinagioti hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT dimitriosmoschovas hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT arisegiannakas hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT apostolosavgeropoulos hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT constantinosesalmas hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources AT michaelakarakassides hydrogensulfideremovalviasorptionprocessonactivatedcarbonmetaloxidecompositesderivedfromdifferentbiomasssources |