Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression
Type I toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic modules in bacterial genomes. They express toxic peptides whose overexpression leads to growth arrest or cell death, whereas antitoxins regulate the expression of toxins, acting as labile antisense RNAs. The <i>Staphylococcus aureus<...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/5/770 |
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| author | Kinga Chlebicka Emilia Bonar Piotr Suder Emeline Ostyn Brice Felden Benedykt Wladyka Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie |
| author_facet | Kinga Chlebicka Emilia Bonar Piotr Suder Emeline Ostyn Brice Felden Benedykt Wladyka Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie |
| author_sort | Kinga Chlebicka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type I toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic modules in bacterial genomes. They express toxic peptides whose overexpression leads to growth arrest or cell death, whereas antitoxins regulate the expression of toxins, acting as labile antisense RNAs. The <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) genome contains and expresses several functional type I TA systems, but their biological functions remain unclear. Here, we addressed and challenged experimentally, by proteomics, if the type I TA system, the SprG1/SprF1 pair, influences the overall gene expression in <i>S. aureus</i>. Deleted and complemented <i>S. aureus</i> strains were analyzed for their proteomes, both intracellular and extracellular, during growth. Comparison of intracellular proteomes among the strains points to the SprF1 antitoxin as moderately downregulating protein expression. In the strain naturally expressing the SprG1 toxin, cytoplasmic proteins are excreted into the medium, but this is not due to unspecific cell leakages. Such a toxin-driven release of the cytoplasmic proteins may modulate the host inflammatory response that, in turn, could amplify the <i>S. aureus</i> infection spread. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:18:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f2d00f2dd46401c9968f3bf11855a0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:18:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f2d00f2dd46401c9968f3bf11855a0a2023-11-21T20:16:48ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-05-0112577010.3390/genes12050770Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene ExpressionKinga Chlebicka0Emilia Bonar1Piotr Suder2Emeline Ostyn3Brice Felden4Benedykt Wladyka5Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie6Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 31-007 Krakow, PolandInserm, BRM [Bacterial Regulatory RNAs and Medicine]—UMR_S 1230, 35000 Rennes, FranceInserm, BRM [Bacterial Regulatory RNAs and Medicine]—UMR_S 1230, 35000 Rennes, FranceDepartment of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, PolandInserm, BRM [Bacterial Regulatory RNAs and Medicine]—UMR_S 1230, 35000 Rennes, FranceType I toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic modules in bacterial genomes. They express toxic peptides whose overexpression leads to growth arrest or cell death, whereas antitoxins regulate the expression of toxins, acting as labile antisense RNAs. The <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) genome contains and expresses several functional type I TA systems, but their biological functions remain unclear. Here, we addressed and challenged experimentally, by proteomics, if the type I TA system, the SprG1/SprF1 pair, influences the overall gene expression in <i>S. aureus</i>. Deleted and complemented <i>S. aureus</i> strains were analyzed for their proteomes, both intracellular and extracellular, during growth. Comparison of intracellular proteomes among the strains points to the SprF1 antitoxin as moderately downregulating protein expression. In the strain naturally expressing the SprG1 toxin, cytoplasmic proteins are excreted into the medium, but this is not due to unspecific cell leakages. Such a toxin-driven release of the cytoplasmic proteins may modulate the host inflammatory response that, in turn, could amplify the <i>S. aureus</i> infection spread.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/5/770toxin–antitoxin systems (type I)<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>2D-DIGEproteomicsRNA antitoxinpeptide toxins |
| spellingShingle | Kinga Chlebicka Emilia Bonar Piotr Suder Emeline Ostyn Brice Felden Benedykt Wladyka Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression Genes toxin–antitoxin systems (type I) <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> 2D-DIGE proteomics RNA antitoxin peptide toxins |
| title | Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression |
| title_full | Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression |
| title_short | Impacts of the Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System, SprG1/SprF1, on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Gene Expression |
| title_sort | impacts of the type i toxin antitoxin system sprg1 sprf1 on em staphylococcus aureus em gene expression |
| topic | toxin–antitoxin systems (type I) <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> 2D-DIGE proteomics RNA antitoxin peptide toxins |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/5/770 |
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