A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers
The commercial space launch sector is currently undergoing a significant shift, with increasing competition and demand for launch services, as well as growing concerns about the environmental impact of rocket launches. To address these challenges, within the New Space Portugal project scope, a multi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Aerospace |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/11/2/126 |
| _version_ | 1797299224624234496 |
|---|---|
| author | Girolamo Musso Iara Figueiras Héléna Goubel Afonso Gonçalves Ana Laura Costa Bruna Ferreira Lara Azeitona Simão Barata Alain Souza Frederico Afonso Inês Ribeiro Fernando Lau |
| author_facet | Girolamo Musso Iara Figueiras Héléna Goubel Afonso Gonçalves Ana Laura Costa Bruna Ferreira Lara Azeitona Simão Barata Alain Souza Frederico Afonso Inês Ribeiro Fernando Lau |
| author_sort | Girolamo Musso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The commercial space launch sector is currently undergoing a significant shift, with increasing competition and demand for launch services, as well as growing concerns about the environmental impact of rocket launches. To address these challenges, within the New Space Portugal project scope, a multidisciplinary framework for designing and optimizing new launch vehicles is proposed. Creating a more resilient and responsible space industry can be achieved by combining technological innovation and environmental sustainability, as emphasized by the framework. The main scope of the framework was to couple all the disciplines relevant to the space vehicle design in a modular way. Significant emphasis was placed on the infusion of ecodesign principles, including Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) considerations. Optimization techniques were employed to enhance the design and help designers conduct trade-off studies. In general, this multidisciplinary framework aims to provide a comprehensive approach to designing next-generation launch vehicles that meet the demands of a rapidly changing market while also minimizing their environmental impact. A methodology that leverages the strengths of both genetic and gradient-based algorithms is employed for optimizations with the objectives of maximizing the apogee altitude and minimizing the Global Warming Potential (GWP). Despite only being tested at the moment for sounding rockets, the framework has demonstrated promising results. It has illuminated the potential of this approach, leading to the identification of three optimal designs: one for maximizing the apogee, another for minimizing GWP, and a compromise design that strikes a balance between the two objectives. The outcomes yielded a maximum apogee of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>6.41</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> km, a minimum GWP of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>9.06</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kg <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><msub><mn>2</mn><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and a balanced compromise design featuring an apogee of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>5.75</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> km and a GWP of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>25.64</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kg <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><msub><mn>2</mn><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:46:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f350be074814c8da9c29c60d0d3cbea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2226-4310 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:46:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerospace |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f350be074814c8da9c29c60d0d3cbea2024-02-23T15:03:19ZengMDPI AGAerospace2226-43102024-01-0111212610.3390/aerospace11020126A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite LaunchersGirolamo Musso0Iara Figueiras1Héléna Goubel2Afonso Gonçalves3Ana Laura Costa4Bruna Ferreira5Lara Azeitona6Simão Barata7Alain Souza8Frederico Afonso9Inês Ribeiro10Fernando Lau11IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalIDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, No. 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalThe commercial space launch sector is currently undergoing a significant shift, with increasing competition and demand for launch services, as well as growing concerns about the environmental impact of rocket launches. To address these challenges, within the New Space Portugal project scope, a multidisciplinary framework for designing and optimizing new launch vehicles is proposed. Creating a more resilient and responsible space industry can be achieved by combining technological innovation and environmental sustainability, as emphasized by the framework. The main scope of the framework was to couple all the disciplines relevant to the space vehicle design in a modular way. Significant emphasis was placed on the infusion of ecodesign principles, including Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) considerations. Optimization techniques were employed to enhance the design and help designers conduct trade-off studies. In general, this multidisciplinary framework aims to provide a comprehensive approach to designing next-generation launch vehicles that meet the demands of a rapidly changing market while also minimizing their environmental impact. A methodology that leverages the strengths of both genetic and gradient-based algorithms is employed for optimizations with the objectives of maximizing the apogee altitude and minimizing the Global Warming Potential (GWP). Despite only being tested at the moment for sounding rockets, the framework has demonstrated promising results. It has illuminated the potential of this approach, leading to the identification of three optimal designs: one for maximizing the apogee, another for minimizing GWP, and a compromise design that strikes a balance between the two objectives. The outcomes yielded a maximum apogee of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>6.41</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> km, a minimum GWP of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>9.06</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kg <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><msub><mn>2</mn><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and a balanced compromise design featuring an apogee of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>5.75</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> km and a GWP of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>25.64</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kg <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><msub><mn>2</mn><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/11/2/126Multidisciplinary Design Optimizationmicrosatellite launcherssustainabilityLife Cycle AssessmentecodesignNew Space Portugal |
| spellingShingle | Girolamo Musso Iara Figueiras Héléna Goubel Afonso Gonçalves Ana Laura Costa Bruna Ferreira Lara Azeitona Simão Barata Alain Souza Frederico Afonso Inês Ribeiro Fernando Lau A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers Aerospace Multidisciplinary Design Optimization microsatellite launchers sustainability Life Cycle Assessment ecodesign New Space Portugal |
| title | A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers |
| title_full | A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers |
| title_fullStr | A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers |
| title_short | A Multidisciplinary Optimization Framework for Ecodesign of Reusable Microsatellite Launchers |
| title_sort | multidisciplinary optimization framework for ecodesign of reusable microsatellite launchers |
| topic | Multidisciplinary Design Optimization microsatellite launchers sustainability Life Cycle Assessment ecodesign New Space Portugal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/11/2/126 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT girolamomusso amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT iarafigueiras amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT helenagoubel amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT afonsogoncalves amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT analauracosta amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT brunaferreira amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT laraazeitona amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT simaobarata amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT alainsouza amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT fredericoafonso amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT inesribeiro amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT fernandolau amultidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT girolamomusso multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT iarafigueiras multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT helenagoubel multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT afonsogoncalves multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT analauracosta multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT brunaferreira multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT laraazeitona multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT simaobarata multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT alainsouza multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT fredericoafonso multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT inesribeiro multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers AT fernandolau multidisciplinaryoptimizationframeworkforecodesignofreusablemicrosatellitelaunchers |