Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation
Cellular metabolism plays a critical role in determining the fate and function of cells. Metabolic reprogramming and its byproducts have a complex impact on cellular activities. In quiescent T cells, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the primary pathway for survival. However, upon antigen activa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211221/full |
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| author | Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu He Huang He Huang He Huang He Huang Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao |
| author_facet | Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu He Huang He Huang He Huang He Huang Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao |
| author_sort | Hengwei Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cellular metabolism plays a critical role in determining the fate and function of cells. Metabolic reprogramming and its byproducts have a complex impact on cellular activities. In quiescent T cells, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the primary pathway for survival. However, upon antigen activation, T cells undergo rapid metabolic reprogramming, characterized by an elevation in both glycolysis and OXPHOS. While both pathways are induced, the balance predominantly shifts towards glycolysis, enabling T cells to rapidly proliferate and enhance their functionality, representing the most distinctive signature during activation. Metabolic processes generate various small molecules resulting from enzyme-catalyzed reactions, which also modulate protein function and exert regulatory control. Notably, recent studies have revealed the direct modification of histones, known as lactylation, by lactate derived from glycolysis. This lactylation process influences gene transcription and adds a novel variable to the regulation of gene expression. Protein lactylation has been identified as an essential mechanism by which lactate exerts its diverse functions, contributing to crucial biological processes such as uterine remodeling, tumor proliferation, neural system regulation, and metabolic regulation. This review focuses on the metabolic reprogramming of T cells, explores the interplay between lactate and the immune system, highlights the impact of lactylation on cellular function, and elucidates the intersection of metabolic reprogramming and epigenetics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:35:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f52a78eef68444f98303317176ceecf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:35:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f52a78eef68444f98303317176ceecf2023-06-29T05:56:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-06-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12112211211221Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylationHengwei Wu0Hengwei Wu1Hengwei Wu2Hengwei Wu3He Huang4He Huang5He Huang6He Huang7Yanmin Zhao8Yanmin Zhao9Yanmin Zhao10Yanmin Zhao11Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaInstitute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, People's Government of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaBone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaInstitute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, People's Government of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaBone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaInstitute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, People's Government of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaZhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaCellular metabolism plays a critical role in determining the fate and function of cells. Metabolic reprogramming and its byproducts have a complex impact on cellular activities. In quiescent T cells, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the primary pathway for survival. However, upon antigen activation, T cells undergo rapid metabolic reprogramming, characterized by an elevation in both glycolysis and OXPHOS. While both pathways are induced, the balance predominantly shifts towards glycolysis, enabling T cells to rapidly proliferate and enhance their functionality, representing the most distinctive signature during activation. Metabolic processes generate various small molecules resulting from enzyme-catalyzed reactions, which also modulate protein function and exert regulatory control. Notably, recent studies have revealed the direct modification of histones, known as lactylation, by lactate derived from glycolysis. This lactylation process influences gene transcription and adds a novel variable to the regulation of gene expression. Protein lactylation has been identified as an essential mechanism by which lactate exerts its diverse functions, contributing to crucial biological processes such as uterine remodeling, tumor proliferation, neural system regulation, and metabolic regulation. This review focuses on the metabolic reprogramming of T cells, explores the interplay between lactate and the immune system, highlights the impact of lactylation on cellular function, and elucidates the intersection of metabolic reprogramming and epigenetics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211221/fullmetabolic reprogrammingepigeneticsglycolysislactatelactylation |
| spellingShingle | Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu Hengwei Wu He Huang He Huang He Huang He Huang Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Yanmin Zhao Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation Frontiers in Immunology metabolic reprogramming epigenetics glycolysis lactate lactylation |
| title | Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation |
| title_full | Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation |
| title_fullStr | Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation |
| title_short | Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation |
| title_sort | interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post translational modifications from glycolysis to lactylation |
| topic | metabolic reprogramming epigenetics glycolysis lactate lactylation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211221/full |
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