Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa
Ticks constitute a serious threat to the wellbeing of humans and other animals. The accurate identification of ticks is paramount in epidemiological investigations. Genetic markers have been identified and used to overcome the limitations of phenotypic identification of ticks. In this study, the cyt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Folia Veterinaria |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2021-0028 |
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| author | Kamani J. Kadir R. A. Mshelbwala F. M. Olubade T. Shekaro A. Balami P. U. González-Miguel J. |
| author_facet | Kamani J. Kadir R. A. Mshelbwala F. M. Olubade T. Shekaro A. Balami P. U. González-Miguel J. |
| author_sort | Kamani J. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ticks constitute a serious threat to the wellbeing of humans and other animals. The accurate identification of ticks is paramount in epidemiological investigations. Genetic markers have been identified and used to overcome the limitations of phenotypic identification of ticks. In this study, the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (Cox1) gene was amplified and sequenced for the identification of Haemaphysalis leachi, the putative vector of Babesia rossi in Nigeria. Amplification was successful in 34 out of 39 (87 %) ticks collected from dogs in three Nigerian states with sequence homology of 99 % to H. leachi in Genbank (GenBank: MN663156.1). Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analysis showed significant grouping of H. leachi sequences in independent monophyletic subclade with a bootstrap value of 100 %. Genetic distance analysis of H. leachi identified in this study indicated a very low level of intraspecific diversity (0.016 %) compared to 0.150—0.190 % interspecific distance to other Haemaphysalis species. The number of eggs laid by engorged female ticks maintained in the laboratory ranged from 885 to 2190 and was proportional to the ticks’ initial weight. The mean value of other biological parameters; female engorgement weight, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, total egg mass, egg size, efficiency rates of female ticks in converting their food reservoir to eggs and incubation period are, 147.5 mg, 7.8 days, 13.2 days, 59.5 mg, 485.5 × 348.7 µm, 41.2 % and 26.2 days, respectively. This study reports the first molecular identification of H. leachi in Nigeria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:06:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f5cf795236e4630a1259b58b379d716 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2453-7837 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:06:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Folia Veterinaria |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f5cf795236e4630a1259b58b379d7162022-12-21T21:26:14ZengSciendoFolia Veterinaria2453-78372021-09-01653606810.2478/fv-2021-0028Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West AfricaKamani J.0Kadir R. A.1Mshelbwala F. M.2Olubade T.3Shekaro A.4Balami P. U.5González-Miguel J.6National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), PMB 01 Vom, Plateau StateDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of IlorinDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Agriculture (FUNAAB), AbeokutaNigeriaNational Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), PMB 01 Vom, Plateau StateNational Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), PMB 01 Vom, Plateau StateNational Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), PMB 01 Vom, Plateau StateLaboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, SalamancaSpainTicks constitute a serious threat to the wellbeing of humans and other animals. The accurate identification of ticks is paramount in epidemiological investigations. Genetic markers have been identified and used to overcome the limitations of phenotypic identification of ticks. In this study, the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (Cox1) gene was amplified and sequenced for the identification of Haemaphysalis leachi, the putative vector of Babesia rossi in Nigeria. Amplification was successful in 34 out of 39 (87 %) ticks collected from dogs in three Nigerian states with sequence homology of 99 % to H. leachi in Genbank (GenBank: MN663156.1). Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analysis showed significant grouping of H. leachi sequences in independent monophyletic subclade with a bootstrap value of 100 %. Genetic distance analysis of H. leachi identified in this study indicated a very low level of intraspecific diversity (0.016 %) compared to 0.150—0.190 % interspecific distance to other Haemaphysalis species. The number of eggs laid by engorged female ticks maintained in the laboratory ranged from 885 to 2190 and was proportional to the ticks’ initial weight. The mean value of other biological parameters; female engorgement weight, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, total egg mass, egg size, efficiency rates of female ticks in converting their food reservoir to eggs and incubation period are, 147.5 mg, 7.8 days, 13.2 days, 59.5 mg, 485.5 × 348.7 µm, 41.2 % and 26.2 days, respectively. This study reports the first molecular identification of H. leachi in Nigeria.https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2021-0028cox1identificationixodidaenigeriapcrsequencing |
| spellingShingle | Kamani J. Kadir R. A. Mshelbwala F. M. Olubade T. Shekaro A. Balami P. U. González-Miguel J. Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa Folia Veterinaria cox1 identification ixodidae nigeria pcr sequencing |
| title | Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa |
| title_full | Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa |
| title_fullStr | Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa |
| title_short | Molecular and Biological Characterization of Haemaphysalis Leachi (Acari: Ixodidae) in Nigeria West Africa |
| title_sort | molecular and biological characterization of haemaphysalis leachi acari ixodidae in nigeria west africa |
| topic | cox1 identification ixodidae nigeria pcr sequencing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2021-0028 |
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