Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents
Background: The valorization of orange peel waste (OPW) through the extraction of bioactive compounds is a clear example of the circular economy. OPW contains many value-added compounds, among which bioactive phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) could be extracted and used for industri...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBE/15/4/10.31083/j.fbe1504030 |
| _version_ | 1827393647435317248 |
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| author | Blanca Sáenz de Miera Raquel Cañadas María González-Miquel Emilio J. González |
| author_facet | Blanca Sáenz de Miera Raquel Cañadas María González-Miquel Emilio J. González |
| author_sort | Blanca Sáenz de Miera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The valorization of orange peel waste (OPW) through the extraction of bioactive compounds is a clear example of the circular economy. OPW contains many value-added compounds, among which bioactive phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) could be extracted and used for industrial applications, such as pharmaceuticals or cosmetics. Methods: In this work, the extraction of phenolic compounds from orange peel was carried out by conventional (orbital shaker) and assisted (ultrasound and microwave) extraction techniques using deionized water, 80% (v/v) ethanol in water, and ethyl acetate as solvents. The effect of temperature, extraction time, and type of technique was evaluated and discussed following spectrophotometric (total phenolic content and total flavonoid content) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses of the extracts. Results: The most effective extraction in terms of efficiency was achieved by microwave-assisted extraction using 80% (v/v) ethanol in water as the extraction solvent, at 373 K for 6 min, which obtained 7.2 ± 0.1 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g OPW and 13.3 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g OPW, with the main bioactive compound extracted being hesperidin (58.2 ± 0.2 mg/g OPW). The most effective extraction in terms of energy consumption was achieved using ultrasound-probe-assisted extraction, yielding 8.8 ± 0.0 mg GAE/g OPW; 17.1 ± 0.1 mg QE/g OPW; 40.0 ± 0.2 mg hesperidin/g OPW, with an energy consumption of 18 kJ. Conclusions: Ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractions can be considered efficient extraction technologies for the valorization of OPW as they reduce extraction time and energy consumption and increase extraction yield. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:54:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f5d61a2b7e04d75a562f607145cb8f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1945-0494 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:54:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f5d61a2b7e04d75a562f607145cb8f02024-01-02T06:05:08ZengIMR PressFrontiers in Bioscience-Elite1945-04942023-12-011543010.31083/j.fbe1504030S1945-0494(23)00121-2Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable SolventsBlanca Sáenz de Miera0Raquel Cañadas1María González-Miquel2Emilio J. González3Dpto. Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, ETSI Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, SpainAdvanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, SpainDpto. Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, ETSI Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, SpainDpto. Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, ETSI Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, SpainBackground: The valorization of orange peel waste (OPW) through the extraction of bioactive compounds is a clear example of the circular economy. OPW contains many value-added compounds, among which bioactive phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) could be extracted and used for industrial applications, such as pharmaceuticals or cosmetics. Methods: In this work, the extraction of phenolic compounds from orange peel was carried out by conventional (orbital shaker) and assisted (ultrasound and microwave) extraction techniques using deionized water, 80% (v/v) ethanol in water, and ethyl acetate as solvents. The effect of temperature, extraction time, and type of technique was evaluated and discussed following spectrophotometric (total phenolic content and total flavonoid content) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses of the extracts. Results: The most effective extraction in terms of efficiency was achieved by microwave-assisted extraction using 80% (v/v) ethanol in water as the extraction solvent, at 373 K for 6 min, which obtained 7.2 ± 0.1 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g OPW and 13.3 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g OPW, with the main bioactive compound extracted being hesperidin (58.2 ± 0.2 mg/g OPW). The most effective extraction in terms of energy consumption was achieved using ultrasound-probe-assisted extraction, yielding 8.8 ± 0.0 mg GAE/g OPW; 17.1 ± 0.1 mg QE/g OPW; 40.0 ± 0.2 mg hesperidin/g OPW, with an energy consumption of 18 kJ. Conclusions: Ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractions can be considered efficient extraction technologies for the valorization of OPW as they reduce extraction time and energy consumption and increase extraction yield.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBE/15/4/10.31083/j.fbe1504030natural phenolic compoundsassisted extractionsustainable solventsorange waste valorizationhesperidin |
| spellingShingle | Blanca Sáenz de Miera Raquel Cañadas María González-Miquel Emilio J. González Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite natural phenolic compounds assisted extraction sustainable solvents orange waste valorization hesperidin |
| title | Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents |
| title_full | Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents |
| title_fullStr | Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents |
| title_short | Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Orange Peel Waste by Conventional and Assisted Extraction Techniques Using Sustainable Solvents |
| title_sort | recovery of phenolic compounds from orange peel waste by conventional and assisted extraction techniques using sustainable solvents |
| topic | natural phenolic compounds assisted extraction sustainable solvents orange waste valorization hesperidin |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBE/15/4/10.31083/j.fbe1504030 |
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