| Summary: | The aim of theses paper is to present late philosophical ideas of Johann GottliebFichte, which are included in his Berlin lectures on applied philosophy. In theselectures Fichte accepts only two forms of the state: liberal monarchy (in whichsociety is divided into estates) and one-class national state. The first state wageso called “fake war” – in which devoid of ideas mercenaries fight in the name ofreigning clans. National state on the other hand, wage war in the name of liberty oftheir citizens. In this case compromise is not taken into account, because the enemystrive for complete subjugation of his adversary. Fichte sees Napoleon I Bonaparte,whose elaborate portrait is presented by philosopher in the end of his lectures, asembodiment of such enemy.
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