Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed
This work aimed to examine the effects of binding proteins from <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i> with <i>Sesbania grandiflora</i> phytonutrient on gas dynamics, in vitro digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics. For rumen fluid sources, two dairy bulls with permanent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/10/1628 |
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| author | Benjamad Khonkhaeng Metha Wanapat Sawitree Wongtangtintharn Kampanat Phesatcha Chanadol Supapong Chanon Suntara Chalermpon Yuangklang Kraisit Vasupen Jiravan Khotsakdee Pin Chanjula Pongsatorn Gunun Nirawan Gunun Anusorn Cherdthong |
| author_facet | Benjamad Khonkhaeng Metha Wanapat Sawitree Wongtangtintharn Kampanat Phesatcha Chanadol Supapong Chanon Suntara Chalermpon Yuangklang Kraisit Vasupen Jiravan Khotsakdee Pin Chanjula Pongsatorn Gunun Nirawan Gunun Anusorn Cherdthong |
| author_sort | Benjamad Khonkhaeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work aimed to examine the effects of binding proteins from <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i> with <i>Sesbania grandiflora</i> phytonutrient on gas dynamics, in vitro digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics. For rumen fluid sources, two dairy bulls with permanent cannulas were used as donors. <i>G. bimaculatus</i> and <i>S. grandiflora</i> powder were combined in the following ratios: 100:0, 99:1, 98:2, 97:3, 96:4, 95:5, 94:6, and 93:7. As 7% of <i>S. grandiflora</i> and 3% of <i>G. bimaculatus</i> were combined, the rumen undegradable protein increased by 45.8% when compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). All gas kinetics were not substantially different across treatments, except for cumulative gas output during 96 h of incubation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Comparing the <i>G. bimaculatus</i> powder to <i>S. grandiflora</i> at a ratio of 95:5 to 93:7 revealed an increase in cumulative gas production (<i>p</i> < 0.05), compared to the other groups. Reduction of <i>G. bimaculatus</i> resulted in a linear increase of in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) at 24 h after incubation. The lowest level of <i>G. bimaculatus</i>—93% with 7% <i>S. grandiflora</i>—showed the greatest IVDMD and IVOMD (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared with the control group. Ruminal pH in all treatments remained constant after 4 and 8 h of in vitro incubation (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, as the quantity of <i>S. grandiflora</i> in the sample increased, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) linearly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the NH<sub>3</sub>-N concentration at 4 h of incubation was decreased by 47% when 7% <i>S. grandiflora</i> and 93% <i>G. bimaculatus</i> were mixed. The alteration in the <i>G. bimaculatus</i> to <i>S. grandiflora</i> ratio did not affect the levels of acetic acid or butyric acid. However, when 93% of <i>G. bimaculatus</i> was combined with 7% of <i>S. grandiflora</i> at hour 4 of incubation, propionic acid concentration was moderately increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) by 6.58 mmol/L. In conclusion, combining 93% <i>G. bimaculatus</i> with 7% <i>S. grandiflora</i> powder enhanced protein utilization, in vitro digestibility, propionate concentration, and cumulative gas production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:55:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f63a5d0bbf94c85937916154f729a5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:55:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f63a5d0bbf94c85937916154f729a5a2023-11-23T22:21:29ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-10-011210162810.3390/agriculture12101628Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant FeedBenjamad Khonkhaeng0Metha Wanapat1Sawitree Wongtangtintharn2Kampanat Phesatcha3Chanadol Supapong4Chanon Suntara5Chalermpon Yuangklang6Kraisit Vasupen7Jiravan Khotsakdee8Pin Chanjula9Pongsatorn Gunun10Nirawan Gunun11Anusorn Cherdthong12Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Technology (Established Project), Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, ThailandDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80240, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandFaculty of Innovative Agriculture and Technology (Established Project), Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandFaculty of Innovative Agriculture and Technology (Established Project), Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandFaculty of Innovative Agriculture and Technology (Established Project), Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandAnimal Production Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Hat Yai Campus, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, ThailandDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Phangkhon, Sakon Nakhon 47160, ThailandDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandThis work aimed to examine the effects of binding proteins from <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i> with <i>Sesbania grandiflora</i> phytonutrient on gas dynamics, in vitro digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics. For rumen fluid sources, two dairy bulls with permanent cannulas were used as donors. <i>G. bimaculatus</i> and <i>S. grandiflora</i> powder were combined in the following ratios: 100:0, 99:1, 98:2, 97:3, 96:4, 95:5, 94:6, and 93:7. As 7% of <i>S. grandiflora</i> and 3% of <i>G. bimaculatus</i> were combined, the rumen undegradable protein increased by 45.8% when compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). All gas kinetics were not substantially different across treatments, except for cumulative gas output during 96 h of incubation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Comparing the <i>G. bimaculatus</i> powder to <i>S. grandiflora</i> at a ratio of 95:5 to 93:7 revealed an increase in cumulative gas production (<i>p</i> < 0.05), compared to the other groups. Reduction of <i>G. bimaculatus</i> resulted in a linear increase of in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) at 24 h after incubation. The lowest level of <i>G. bimaculatus</i>—93% with 7% <i>S. grandiflora</i>—showed the greatest IVDMD and IVOMD (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared with the control group. Ruminal pH in all treatments remained constant after 4 and 8 h of in vitro incubation (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, as the quantity of <i>S. grandiflora</i> in the sample increased, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) linearly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the NH<sub>3</sub>-N concentration at 4 h of incubation was decreased by 47% when 7% <i>S. grandiflora</i> and 93% <i>G. bimaculatus</i> were mixed. The alteration in the <i>G. bimaculatus</i> to <i>S. grandiflora</i> ratio did not affect the levels of acetic acid or butyric acid. However, when 93% of <i>G. bimaculatus</i> was combined with 7% of <i>S. grandiflora</i> at hour 4 of incubation, propionic acid concentration was moderately increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) by 6.58 mmol/L. In conclusion, combining 93% <i>G. bimaculatus</i> with 7% <i>S. grandiflora</i> powder enhanced protein utilization, in vitro digestibility, propionate concentration, and cumulative gas production.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/10/1628insectsecondary compoundnutritionanimal feedlivestock |
| spellingShingle | Benjamad Khonkhaeng Metha Wanapat Sawitree Wongtangtintharn Kampanat Phesatcha Chanadol Supapong Chanon Suntara Chalermpon Yuangklang Kraisit Vasupen Jiravan Khotsakdee Pin Chanjula Pongsatorn Gunun Nirawan Gunun Anusorn Cherdthong Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed Agriculture insect secondary compound nutrition animal feed livestock |
| title | Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed |
| title_full | Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed |
| title_fullStr | Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed |
| title_short | Tropical Plant Phytonutrient Improves the Use of Insect Protein for Ruminant Feed |
| title_sort | tropical plant phytonutrient improves the use of insect protein for ruminant feed |
| topic | insect secondary compound nutrition animal feed livestock |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/10/1628 |
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