Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19 disease can lead to critical illness with a risk of developing a multiple organ failure. Subsequently, this may lead to various pathological sequelae, such as secondary sclerosing cholangitis after surviving COVID-19 (SSC-COVID). Objective: Th...

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Main Authors: Christoph R. Werner, Stefano Fusco, Katharina Kienzle, Stefanie Döbele, Kerstin Artzner, Nisar P. Malek, Dörte Wichmann, Siri Göpel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-03-01
Series:Diagnostics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/7/745
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author Christoph R. Werner
Stefano Fusco
Katharina Kienzle
Stefanie Döbele
Kerstin Artzner
Nisar P. Malek
Dörte Wichmann
Siri Göpel
author_facet Christoph R. Werner
Stefano Fusco
Katharina Kienzle
Stefanie Döbele
Kerstin Artzner
Nisar P. Malek
Dörte Wichmann
Siri Göpel
author_sort Christoph R. Werner
collection DOAJ
description Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19 disease can lead to critical illness with a risk of developing a multiple organ failure. Subsequently, this may lead to various pathological sequelae, such as secondary sclerosing cholangitis after surviving COVID-19 (SSC-COVID). Objective: The aim is to retrospectively analyze a cohort of hospitalized patients with first-wave (February 2020–June 2020) SARS-CoV-2 infection and persisting unclear cholangiopathy to determine the incidence of SSC-COVID and its risk factors. Results: A total of 249 patients were hospitalized at the university hospital in Tübingen, Germany, with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave of the pandemic. Of these, 35.3% (88/249) required intensive care treatment; 16.5% (41/249) of them died due to the complications of COVID-19; 30.8% (64/208) of surviving patients could be followed up und were retrospectively analyzed at our center. The incidence of confirmed SSC-COVID was 7.8% (5/64). All SSC-COVID patients had an ICU stay >20 days, for invasive ventilation, positioning treatment, vasopressor treatment, but possible risk factors for SSC were not significant due to the small number of patients. Conclusions: SSC-COVID is an emerging disease in post-COVID patients with a high incidence in our single-center cohort. SSC-COVID should be considered as a differential diagnosis, if unclear cholangiopathy or cholestasis persists after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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spelling doaj.art-6f75a580515f4a858b2ec5a6e531b3d22024-04-12T13:16:51ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182024-03-0114774510.3390/diagnostics14070745Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center StudyChristoph R. Werner0Stefano Fusco1Katharina Kienzle2Stefanie Döbele3Kerstin Artzner4Nisar P. Malek5Dörte Wichmann6Siri Göpel7Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyInstitute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyBackground: SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19 disease can lead to critical illness with a risk of developing a multiple organ failure. Subsequently, this may lead to various pathological sequelae, such as secondary sclerosing cholangitis after surviving COVID-19 (SSC-COVID). Objective: The aim is to retrospectively analyze a cohort of hospitalized patients with first-wave (February 2020–June 2020) SARS-CoV-2 infection and persisting unclear cholangiopathy to determine the incidence of SSC-COVID and its risk factors. Results: A total of 249 patients were hospitalized at the university hospital in Tübingen, Germany, with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave of the pandemic. Of these, 35.3% (88/249) required intensive care treatment; 16.5% (41/249) of them died due to the complications of COVID-19; 30.8% (64/208) of surviving patients could be followed up und were retrospectively analyzed at our center. The incidence of confirmed SSC-COVID was 7.8% (5/64). All SSC-COVID patients had an ICU stay >20 days, for invasive ventilation, positioning treatment, vasopressor treatment, but possible risk factors for SSC were not significant due to the small number of patients. Conclusions: SSC-COVID is an emerging disease in post-COVID patients with a high incidence in our single-center cohort. SSC-COVID should be considered as a differential diagnosis, if unclear cholangiopathy or cholestasis persists after SARS-CoV-2 infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/7/745secondary sclerosing cholangitisSSCSARS-CoV-2COVID-19long COVID syndromeincidence
spellingShingle Christoph R. Werner
Stefano Fusco
Katharina Kienzle
Stefanie Döbele
Kerstin Artzner
Nisar P. Malek
Dörte Wichmann
Siri Göpel
Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
Diagnostics
secondary sclerosing cholangitis
SSC
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
long COVID syndrome
incidence
title Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
title_full Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
title_fullStr Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
title_full_unstemmed Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
title_short Incidence of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Hospitalized Long COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
title_sort incidence of secondary sclerosing cholangitis in hospitalized long covid 19 patients a retrospective single center study
topic secondary sclerosing cholangitis
SSC
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
long COVID syndrome
incidence
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/7/745
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