Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacted healthcare, the workforce, and worldwide socioeconomics. Multi-dose mono- or bivalent mRNA vaccine regimens have shown high efficacy in protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants wi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/7292 |
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| author | Dicle Yalcin Sydney J. Bennett Jared Sheehan Amber J. Trauth For Yue Tso John T. West Michael E. Hagensee Alistair J. Ramsay Charles Wood |
| author_facet | Dicle Yalcin Sydney J. Bennett Jared Sheehan Amber J. Trauth For Yue Tso John T. West Michael E. Hagensee Alistair J. Ramsay Charles Wood |
| author_sort | Dicle Yalcin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacted healthcare, the workforce, and worldwide socioeconomics. Multi-dose mono- or bivalent mRNA vaccine regimens have shown high efficacy in protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants with varying degrees of efficacy. Amino acid changes, primarily in the receptor-binding domain (RBD), result in selection for viral infectivity, disease severity, and immune evasion. Therefore, many studies have centered around neutralizing antibodies that target the RBD and their generation achieved through infection or vaccination. Here, we conducted a unique longitudinal study, analyzing the effects of a three-dose mRNA vaccine regimen exclusively using the monovalent BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine, systematically administered to nine previously uninfected (naïve) individuals. We compare changes in humoral antibody responses across the entire SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S) using a high-throughput phage display technique (VirScan). Our data demonstrate that two doses of vaccination alone can achieve the broadest and highest magnitudes of anti-S response. Moreover, we present evidence of novel highly boosted non-RBD epitopes that strongly correlate with neutralization and recapitulate independent findings. These vaccine-boosted epitopes could facilitate multi-valent vaccine development and drug discovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:56:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6f8f81ebe81340ac93c6a2fe25d1e942 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:56:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6f8f81ebe81340ac93c6a2fe25d1e9422023-11-17T19:38:19ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-04-01248729210.3390/ijms24087292Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial VaccinationsDicle Yalcin0Sydney J. Bennett1Jared Sheehan2Amber J. Trauth3For Yue Tso4John T. West5Michael E. Hagensee6Alistair J. Ramsay7Charles Wood8Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartments of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartments of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USAThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacted healthcare, the workforce, and worldwide socioeconomics. Multi-dose mono- or bivalent mRNA vaccine regimens have shown high efficacy in protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants with varying degrees of efficacy. Amino acid changes, primarily in the receptor-binding domain (RBD), result in selection for viral infectivity, disease severity, and immune evasion. Therefore, many studies have centered around neutralizing antibodies that target the RBD and their generation achieved through infection or vaccination. Here, we conducted a unique longitudinal study, analyzing the effects of a three-dose mRNA vaccine regimen exclusively using the monovalent BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine, systematically administered to nine previously uninfected (naïve) individuals. We compare changes in humoral antibody responses across the entire SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S) using a high-throughput phage display technique (VirScan). Our data demonstrate that two doses of vaccination alone can achieve the broadest and highest magnitudes of anti-S response. Moreover, we present evidence of novel highly boosted non-RBD epitopes that strongly correlate with neutralization and recapitulate independent findings. These vaccine-boosted epitopes could facilitate multi-valent vaccine development and drug discovery.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/7292SARS-CoV-2mRNA vaccineVirScanPhIP-Seqspikeepitope map |
| spellingShingle | Dicle Yalcin Sydney J. Bennett Jared Sheehan Amber J. Trauth For Yue Tso John T. West Michael E. Hagensee Alistair J. Ramsay Charles Wood Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations International Journal of Molecular Sciences SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine VirScan PhIP-Seq spike epitope map |
| title | Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations |
| title_full | Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations |
| title_fullStr | Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations |
| title_short | Longitudinal Variations in Antibody Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes upon Serial Vaccinations |
| title_sort | longitudinal variations in antibody responses against sars cov 2 spike epitopes upon serial vaccinations |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine VirScan PhIP-Seq spike epitope map |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/7292 |
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