Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species
"Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules" (HTBS), or "mucoperiosteal exostoses" (ME, syn.) are small, globular (≥ 1 mm in diameter), mostly stalked and drumstick-like, bony structures, which arise from the inner wall of the tympanic bulla and project into the middle ear cavity. HTBS...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2016-04-01
|
| Series: | Veterinární Medicína |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/vet-201604-0002_hyperostotic-tympanic-bone-spicules-in-domestic-and-wild-animal-species.php |
| _version_ | 1797897522750947328 |
|---|---|
| author | A. Heitmann B. Parzefall M. Zollner A. Bruhschwein W. Hermanns A. Blutke |
| author_facet | A. Heitmann B. Parzefall M. Zollner A. Bruhschwein W. Hermanns A. Blutke |
| author_sort | A. Heitmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | "Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules" (HTBS), or "mucoperiosteal exostoses" (ME, syn.) are small, globular (≥ 1 mm in diameter), mostly stalked and drumstick-like, bony structures, which arise from the inner wall of the tympanic bulla and project into the middle ear cavity. HTBS present as mineral densities inside the tympanic bulla on radiographs or computed tomographic (CT) images. They have previously been referred to as "otoliths" and were thought to represent mineral concretions secondary to otitis media. Recently, it was shown that HTBS actually consist of regularly composed bone tissue, covered by normal middle ear mucosa. So far, HTBS have only extensively been described in dogs, where they occur with a prevalence of up to > 45%. A recent study detected ME, most likely representing HTBS, in the tympanic cavities of skeletonised skull bones of African lions. To estimate the occurrence of HTBS in other mammal species, the middle ears of adult animals of 78 different domestic, wild, and zoo species undergoing routine necropsy at the Institute of Veterinary Pathology of the LMU Munich, Germany were examined in the present study. HTBS were found in the tympanic bullae of carnivorous species, such as canids (wolf, fox), and in several large felid species (lion, tiger, leopard, cheetah). In contrast, HTBS were not present in domestic cats (more than to 200 cases), small carnivorous species such as mustelids, nor in any primate, ungulate, ruminant, pig, insectivore, or rodent species. The detectability of HTBS by CT of the tympanic bullae of large felids was demonstrated in an African lion. Histologically, HTBS consisted of mature lamellar bone, covered by periosteum and a partially ciliated, flat epithelium, regularly without any apparent inflammatory alterations. The present study demonstrates that HTBS may frequently occur in large felids and in different canid species. These findings should be taken into account when examining the middle ear, or interpreting bulla radiographs/CT-images of the respective species. However, the factors triggering the development of HTBS remain to be identified. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:59:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fa45131e33247b9bdc12afd9e141ba6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0375-8427 1805-9392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:59:42Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinární Medicína |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fa45131e33247b9bdc12afd9e141ba62023-02-23T03:50:32ZengCzech Academy of Agricultural SciencesVeterinární Medicína0375-84271805-93922016-04-0161418719410.17221/8819-VETMEDvet-201604-0002Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal speciesA. Heitmann0B. Parzefall1M. Zollner2A. Bruhschwein3W. Hermanns4A. Blutke5Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, GermanyRoyal Veterinary College, University of London, United KingdomClinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany"Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules" (HTBS), or "mucoperiosteal exostoses" (ME, syn.) are small, globular (≥ 1 mm in diameter), mostly stalked and drumstick-like, bony structures, which arise from the inner wall of the tympanic bulla and project into the middle ear cavity. HTBS present as mineral densities inside the tympanic bulla on radiographs or computed tomographic (CT) images. They have previously been referred to as "otoliths" and were thought to represent mineral concretions secondary to otitis media. Recently, it was shown that HTBS actually consist of regularly composed bone tissue, covered by normal middle ear mucosa. So far, HTBS have only extensively been described in dogs, where they occur with a prevalence of up to > 45%. A recent study detected ME, most likely representing HTBS, in the tympanic cavities of skeletonised skull bones of African lions. To estimate the occurrence of HTBS in other mammal species, the middle ears of adult animals of 78 different domestic, wild, and zoo species undergoing routine necropsy at the Institute of Veterinary Pathology of the LMU Munich, Germany were examined in the present study. HTBS were found in the tympanic bullae of carnivorous species, such as canids (wolf, fox), and in several large felid species (lion, tiger, leopard, cheetah). In contrast, HTBS were not present in domestic cats (more than to 200 cases), small carnivorous species such as mustelids, nor in any primate, ungulate, ruminant, pig, insectivore, or rodent species. The detectability of HTBS by CT of the tympanic bullae of large felids was demonstrated in an African lion. Histologically, HTBS consisted of mature lamellar bone, covered by periosteum and a partially ciliated, flat epithelium, regularly without any apparent inflammatory alterations. The present study demonstrates that HTBS may frequently occur in large felids and in different canid species. These findings should be taken into account when examining the middle ear, or interpreting bulla radiographs/CT-images of the respective species. However, the factors triggering the development of HTBS remain to be identified.https://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/vet-201604-0002_hyperostotic-tympanic-bone-spicules-in-domestic-and-wild-animal-species.phpexostosismiddle earmucoperiosteumotolith |
| spellingShingle | A. Heitmann B. Parzefall M. Zollner A. Bruhschwein W. Hermanns A. Blutke Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species Veterinární Medicína exostosis middle ear mucoperiosteum otolith |
| title | Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species |
| title_full | Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species |
| title_fullStr | Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species |
| title_short | Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species |
| title_sort | hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species |
| topic | exostosis middle ear mucoperiosteum otolith |
| url | https://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/vet-201604-0002_hyperostotic-tympanic-bone-spicules-in-domestic-and-wild-animal-species.php |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aheitmann hyperostotictympanicbonespiculesindomesticandwildanimalspecies AT bparzefall hyperostotictympanicbonespiculesindomesticandwildanimalspecies AT mzollner hyperostotictympanicbonespiculesindomesticandwildanimalspecies AT abruhschwein hyperostotictympanicbonespiculesindomesticandwildanimalspecies AT whermanns hyperostotictympanicbonespiculesindomesticandwildanimalspecies AT ablutke hyperostotictympanicbonespiculesindomesticandwildanimalspecies |