Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic hallucinogen, widely abused for decades, while phencyclidine (PCP) has increased in popularity in recent years, especially among the adolescents. Very little is known about the general toxicity of these compounds, especially about their possible neurotox...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3604 |
| _version_ | 1811272321772552192 |
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| author | Jurič Andreja Zandona Antonio Lovaković Blanka Tariba Rašić Dubravka Pizent Alica Kozina Goran Katalinić Maja Vrdoljak Ana Lucić Karačonji Irena Brčić |
| author_facet | Jurič Andreja Zandona Antonio Lovaković Blanka Tariba Rašić Dubravka Pizent Alica Kozina Goran Katalinić Maja Vrdoljak Ana Lucić Karačonji Irena Brčić |
| author_sort | Jurič Andreja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic hallucinogen, widely abused for decades, while phencyclidine (PCP) has increased in popularity in recent years, especially among the adolescents. Very little is known about the general toxicity of these compounds, especially about their possible neurotoxic effects at the cell level. The aim of this study was to address these gaps by assessing the toxic effects of 24-hour exposure to LSD and PCP in the concentration range of 0.39–100 μmol/L in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. After cell viability was established, cells treated with concentrations that reduced their viability up to 30 % were further subjected to the alkaline comet assay and biochemical assays that enable estimation of oxidative stress-related effects. Treatment with LSD at 6.25 μmol/L and with PCP at 3.13 μmol/L resulted with 88.06±2.05 and 84.17±3.19 % of viable cells, respectively, and led to a significant increase in primary DNA damage compared to negative control. LSD also caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and glutathione (GSH) level, PCP significantly increased ROS but lowered GSH compared to control. Treatment with LSD significantly increased the activities of all antioxidant enzymes, while PCP treatment significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) but decreased catalase (CAT) activity compared to control. Our findings suggest that LSD has a greater DNA damaging potential and stronger oxidative activity than PCP in SH-SY5Y cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:38:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fa8d456f13543f5a7b03ab0f87330c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1848-6312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:38:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fa8d456f13543f5a7b03ab0f87330c02022-12-22T03:13:48ZengSciendoArhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju1848-63122021-12-0172433334210.2478/aiht-2021-72-3604Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lineJurič Andreja0Zandona Antonio1Lovaković Blanka Tariba2Rašić Dubravka3Pizent Alica4Kozina Goran5Katalinić Maja6Vrdoljak Ana Lucić7Karačonji Irena Brčić81Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia2University Centre Varaždin, University North, Varaždin, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, CroatiaLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic hallucinogen, widely abused for decades, while phencyclidine (PCP) has increased in popularity in recent years, especially among the adolescents. Very little is known about the general toxicity of these compounds, especially about their possible neurotoxic effects at the cell level. The aim of this study was to address these gaps by assessing the toxic effects of 24-hour exposure to LSD and PCP in the concentration range of 0.39–100 μmol/L in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. After cell viability was established, cells treated with concentrations that reduced their viability up to 30 % were further subjected to the alkaline comet assay and biochemical assays that enable estimation of oxidative stress-related effects. Treatment with LSD at 6.25 μmol/L and with PCP at 3.13 μmol/L resulted with 88.06±2.05 and 84.17±3.19 % of viable cells, respectively, and led to a significant increase in primary DNA damage compared to negative control. LSD also caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and glutathione (GSH) level, PCP significantly increased ROS but lowered GSH compared to control. Treatment with LSD significantly increased the activities of all antioxidant enzymes, while PCP treatment significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) but decreased catalase (CAT) activity compared to control. Our findings suggest that LSD has a greater DNA damaging potential and stronger oxidative activity than PCP in SH-SY5Y cells.https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3604antioxidant enzymescell viabilitydna damagegshhallucinogenic drugspsychoactive substancesrostoxicityantioksidacijski enzimihalucinogene drogelsdoštećenje dnapcppsihoaktivne tvaritoksičnostvijabilnost stanica |
| spellingShingle | Jurič Andreja Zandona Antonio Lovaković Blanka Tariba Rašić Dubravka Pizent Alica Kozina Goran Katalinić Maja Vrdoljak Ana Lucić Karačonji Irena Brčić Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju antioxidant enzymes cell viability dna damage gsh hallucinogenic drugs psychoactive substances ros toxicity antioksidacijski enzimi halucinogene droge lsd oštećenje dna pcp psihoaktivne tvari toksičnost vijabilnost stanica |
| title | Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line |
| title_full | Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line |
| title_fullStr | Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line |
| title_short | Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress-related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line |
| title_sort | cytotoxic genotoxic and oxidative stress related effects of lysergic acid diethylamide lsd and phencyclidine pcp in the human neuroblastoma sh sy5y cell line |
| topic | antioxidant enzymes cell viability dna damage gsh hallucinogenic drugs psychoactive substances ros toxicity antioksidacijski enzimi halucinogene droge lsd oštećenje dna pcp psihoaktivne tvari toksičnost vijabilnost stanica |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3604 |
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