Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021
In recent decades, waves of yellow fever virus (YFV) from the Amazon Rainforest have spread and caused outbreaks in other regions of Brazil, including the Cerrado, a savannah-like biome through which YFV usually moves before arriving at the Atlantic Forest. To identify the vectors involved in the ma...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/3/757 |
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| author | Cirilo H. de Oliveira Miguel S. Andrade Fabrício S. Campos Jader da C. Cardoso Maria Eduarda Gonçalves-dos-Santos Ramon Silva Oliveira Sandy Micaele Aquino-Teixeira Aline AS Campos Marco AB Almeida Danilo Simonini-Teixeira Anaiá da P. Sevá Andrea Oliveira Dias Temponi Fernando Maria Magalhães Agna Soares da Silva Menezes Bartolomeu Teixeira Lopes Hermes P. Almeida Ana Lúcia Pedroso Giovani Pontel Gonçalves Danielle Costa Capistrano Chaves Givaldo Gomes de Menezes Sofía Bernal-Valle Nicolas FD Müller Luis Janssen Edmilson dos Santos Maria A. Mares-Guia George R. Albuquerque Alessandro PM Romano Ana C. Franco Bergmann M. Ribeiro Paulo M. Roehe Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu |
| author_facet | Cirilo H. de Oliveira Miguel S. Andrade Fabrício S. Campos Jader da C. Cardoso Maria Eduarda Gonçalves-dos-Santos Ramon Silva Oliveira Sandy Micaele Aquino-Teixeira Aline AS Campos Marco AB Almeida Danilo Simonini-Teixeira Anaiá da P. Sevá Andrea Oliveira Dias Temponi Fernando Maria Magalhães Agna Soares da Silva Menezes Bartolomeu Teixeira Lopes Hermes P. Almeida Ana Lúcia Pedroso Giovani Pontel Gonçalves Danielle Costa Capistrano Chaves Givaldo Gomes de Menezes Sofía Bernal-Valle Nicolas FD Müller Luis Janssen Edmilson dos Santos Maria A. Mares-Guia George R. Albuquerque Alessandro PM Romano Ana C. Franco Bergmann M. Ribeiro Paulo M. Roehe Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu |
| author_sort | Cirilo H. de Oliveira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent decades, waves of yellow fever virus (YFV) from the Amazon Rainforest have spread and caused outbreaks in other regions of Brazil, including the Cerrado, a savannah-like biome through which YFV usually moves before arriving at the Atlantic Forest. To identify the vectors involved in the maintenance of the virus in semiarid environments, an entomological survey was conducted after confirmation of yellow fever (YF) epizootics at the peak of the dry season in the Cerrado areas of the state of Minas Gerais. In total, 917 mosquitoes from 13 taxa were collected and tested for the presence of YFV. Interestingly, mosquitoes of the <i>Sabethes</i> genus represented 95% of the diurnal captured specimens, displaying a peak of biting activity never previously recorded, between 4:30 and 5:30 p.m. Molecular analysis identified three YFV-positive pools, two from <i>Sabethes chloropterus</i>—from which near-complete genomes were generated—and one from <i>Sa. albiprivus</i>, whose low viral load prevented sequencing. <i>Sa. chloropterus</i> was considered the primary vector due to the high number of copies of YFV RNA and the high relative abundance detected. Its bionomic characteristics allow its survival in dry places and dry time periods. For the first time in Brazil, <i>Sa. albiprivus</i> was found to be naturally infected with YFV and may have played a role as a secondary vector. Despite its high relative abundance, fewer copies of viral RNA were found, as well as a lower Minimum Infection Rate (MIR). Genomic and phylogeographic analysis showed that the virus clustered in the sub-lineage YFV<sub>PA-MG</sub>, which circulated in Pará in 2017 and then spread into other regions of the country. The results reported here contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology and mechanisms of YFV dispersion and maintenance, especially in adverse weather conditions. The intense viral circulation, even outside the seasonal period, increases the importance of surveillance and YFV vaccination to protect human populations in affected areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:45:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fac3dda72b04cb09e7e7ed0eb17290c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:45:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fac3dda72b04cb09e7e7ed0eb17290c2023-11-17T14:23:55ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-03-0115375710.3390/v15030757Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021Cirilo H. de Oliveira0Miguel S. Andrade1Fabrício S. Campos2Jader da C. Cardoso3Maria Eduarda Gonçalves-dos-Santos4Ramon Silva Oliveira5Sandy Micaele Aquino-Teixeira6Aline AS Campos7Marco AB Almeida8Danilo Simonini-Teixeira9Anaiá da P. Sevá10Andrea Oliveira Dias Temponi11Fernando Maria Magalhães12Agna Soares da Silva Menezes13Bartolomeu Teixeira Lopes14Hermes P. Almeida15Ana Lúcia Pedroso16Giovani Pontel Gonçalves17Danielle Costa Capistrano Chaves18Givaldo Gomes de Menezes19Sofía Bernal-Valle20Nicolas FD Müller21Luis Janssen22Edmilson dos Santos23Maria A. Mares-Guia24George R. Albuquerque25Alessandro PM Romano26Ana C. Franco27Bergmann M. Ribeiro28Paulo M. Roehe29Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira30Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu31Insect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, MG, BrazilBaculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, BrazilBioinformatics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Campus of Gurupi, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi 77410-570, TO, BrazilState Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, BrazilInsect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, MG, BrazilInsect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, MG, BrazilInsect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, MG, BrazilState Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, BrazilPan American Health Organization, World Health Organization Office in Brazil, Brasília 70800-400, DF, BrazilDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, BrazilDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilHealth Department of the State of Minas Gerais, State Coordination for Arbovirus Surveillance, Belo Horizonte 31630-901, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, BrazilInstitute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, BrazilBaculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, BrazilState Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, BrazilFlavivirus Laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, BrazilGeneral Coordination of Arbovirus Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Brasília 70058-900, DF, BrazilInstitute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, BrazilBaculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, BrazilInstitute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, BrazilLaboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilInsect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, MG, BrazilIn recent decades, waves of yellow fever virus (YFV) from the Amazon Rainforest have spread and caused outbreaks in other regions of Brazil, including the Cerrado, a savannah-like biome through which YFV usually moves before arriving at the Atlantic Forest. To identify the vectors involved in the maintenance of the virus in semiarid environments, an entomological survey was conducted after confirmation of yellow fever (YF) epizootics at the peak of the dry season in the Cerrado areas of the state of Minas Gerais. In total, 917 mosquitoes from 13 taxa were collected and tested for the presence of YFV. Interestingly, mosquitoes of the <i>Sabethes</i> genus represented 95% of the diurnal captured specimens, displaying a peak of biting activity never previously recorded, between 4:30 and 5:30 p.m. Molecular analysis identified three YFV-positive pools, two from <i>Sabethes chloropterus</i>—from which near-complete genomes were generated—and one from <i>Sa. albiprivus</i>, whose low viral load prevented sequencing. <i>Sa. chloropterus</i> was considered the primary vector due to the high number of copies of YFV RNA and the high relative abundance detected. Its bionomic characteristics allow its survival in dry places and dry time periods. For the first time in Brazil, <i>Sa. albiprivus</i> was found to be naturally infected with YFV and may have played a role as a secondary vector. Despite its high relative abundance, fewer copies of viral RNA were found, as well as a lower Minimum Infection Rate (MIR). Genomic and phylogeographic analysis showed that the virus clustered in the sub-lineage YFV<sub>PA-MG</sub>, which circulated in Pará in 2017 and then spread into other regions of the country. The results reported here contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology and mechanisms of YFV dispersion and maintenance, especially in adverse weather conditions. The intense viral circulation, even outside the seasonal period, increases the importance of surveillance and YFV vaccination to protect human populations in affected areas.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/3/757Arbovirusmosquito vectorSabethiniCerradogenomic surveillanceMinION |
| spellingShingle | Cirilo H. de Oliveira Miguel S. Andrade Fabrício S. Campos Jader da C. Cardoso Maria Eduarda Gonçalves-dos-Santos Ramon Silva Oliveira Sandy Micaele Aquino-Teixeira Aline AS Campos Marco AB Almeida Danilo Simonini-Teixeira Anaiá da P. Sevá Andrea Oliveira Dias Temponi Fernando Maria Magalhães Agna Soares da Silva Menezes Bartolomeu Teixeira Lopes Hermes P. Almeida Ana Lúcia Pedroso Giovani Pontel Gonçalves Danielle Costa Capistrano Chaves Givaldo Gomes de Menezes Sofía Bernal-Valle Nicolas FD Müller Luis Janssen Edmilson dos Santos Maria A. Mares-Guia George R. Albuquerque Alessandro PM Romano Ana C. Franco Bergmann M. Ribeiro Paulo M. Roehe Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021 Viruses Arbovirus mosquito vector Sabethini Cerrado genomic surveillance MinION |
| title | Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021 |
| title_full | Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021 |
| title_fullStr | Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021 |
| title_short | Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by <i>Sabethes</i> Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021 |
| title_sort | yellow fever virus maintained by i sabethes i mosquitoes during the dry season in cerrado a semiarid region of brazil in 2021 |
| topic | Arbovirus mosquito vector Sabethini Cerrado genomic surveillance MinION |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/3/757 |
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