Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae)
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), chemicals produced by plants infested by herbivorous insects, can act as kairomones that recruit natural enemies of the pest herbivore. <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Denis and Schiffermüller) is a common, important pest of seedling cotton in Xinjiang...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| author | Mengyu Li Shike Xia Tao Zhang Livy Williams Haijun Xiao Yanhui Lu |
| author_facet | Mengyu Li Shike Xia Tao Zhang Livy Williams Haijun Xiao Yanhui Lu |
| author_sort | Mengyu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), chemicals produced by plants infested by herbivorous insects, can act as kairomones that recruit natural enemies of the pest herbivore. <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Denis and Schiffermüller) is a common, important pest of seedling cotton in Xinjiang Province, China, and the braconid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Haliday) is an important mortality factor of this pest’s larvae. In olfactometer tests, which included healthy foliage, infested foliage, or infested roots, <i>M. mediator</i> preferred <i>A. segetum</i>-infested cotton plants to healthy cotton plants. In GC-MS analyses of plant-emitted volatiles, we found that compounds emitted increased 14.9- and 13.3- fold after leaf infestation and root infestation, respectively, compared to healthy control plants. The volatiles were mainly p-xylene, nonanal, tetradecane, decanal, benzaldehyde, β-caryophyllene, and humulene, while linalool was only present in the leaf-infestation treatment. In addition, principal component analysis indicated that all 18 compounds were associated with the infested plants, especially β-caryophyllene, p-xylene, and decanal. Based on the above studies and previous functional evaluations of the volatile compounds, it can be demonstrated that these compounds play a crucial role in modulating the interactions between <i>A. segetum</i> and <i>M. mediator</i> and regulating parasitoid behavior. It may be possible to enhance the biological control of <i>A. segetum</i> by <i>M. mediator</i> through the application of HIPVs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:31:35Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:31:35Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6fc22868fd77465ab6c675fa2edf36452023-11-30T23:50:02ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-03-0111786310.3390/plants11070863Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae)Mengyu Li0Shike Xia1Tao Zhang2Livy Williams3Haijun Xiao4Yanhui Lu5State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaIntegrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, ChinaUSDA-ARS U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414, USAInstitute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaHerbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), chemicals produced by plants infested by herbivorous insects, can act as kairomones that recruit natural enemies of the pest herbivore. <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Denis and Schiffermüller) is a common, important pest of seedling cotton in Xinjiang Province, China, and the braconid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Haliday) is an important mortality factor of this pest’s larvae. In olfactometer tests, which included healthy foliage, infested foliage, or infested roots, <i>M. mediator</i> preferred <i>A. segetum</i>-infested cotton plants to healthy cotton plants. In GC-MS analyses of plant-emitted volatiles, we found that compounds emitted increased 14.9- and 13.3- fold after leaf infestation and root infestation, respectively, compared to healthy control plants. The volatiles were mainly p-xylene, nonanal, tetradecane, decanal, benzaldehyde, β-caryophyllene, and humulene, while linalool was only present in the leaf-infestation treatment. In addition, principal component analysis indicated that all 18 compounds were associated with the infested plants, especially β-caryophyllene, p-xylene, and decanal. Based on the above studies and previous functional evaluations of the volatile compounds, it can be demonstrated that these compounds play a crucial role in modulating the interactions between <i>A. segetum</i> and <i>M. mediator</i> and regulating parasitoid behavior. It may be possible to enhance the biological control of <i>A. segetum</i> by <i>M. mediator</i> through the application of HIPVs.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/7/863turnip mothparasitoid waspherbivore-induced plant volatilesbehavioral responsebiological control |
| spellingShingle | Mengyu Li Shike Xia Tao Zhang Livy Williams Haijun Xiao Yanhui Lu Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae) Plants turnip moth parasitoid wasp herbivore-induced plant volatiles behavioral response biological control |
| title | Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae) |
| title_full | Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae) |
| title_fullStr | Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae) |
| title_short | Volatiles from Cotton Plants Infested by <i>Agrotis segetum</i> (Lep.: Noctuidae) Attract the Larval Parasitoid <i>Microplitis mediator</i> (Hym.: Braconidae) |
| title_sort | volatiles from cotton plants infested by i agrotis segetum i lep noctuidae attract the larval parasitoid i microplitis mediator i hym braconidae |
| topic | turnip moth parasitoid wasp herbivore-induced plant volatiles behavioral response biological control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/7/863 |
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